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Table 1 Food outlet classifications

From: Validation of retail food outlet data from a Danish government inspection database

Outlet type

Definitions

Narrow

Moderate

Broad

Fast food

Major chain outlets only (i.e. McDonalds, Sunset boulevard, Burger King, KFC, Subway, Dominos, Max burger)

“Narrow” fast food outlets plus non-chain traditional fast food AND other fast food takeaways with no/limited seating and counter service/no waitress service

‘Moderate’ outlets, plus retail bakeries (small and chains) and chain coffee shops

Convenience

Petrol station stores and small kiosks (i.e. Shell, Circle K, Uno X, OK plus, Q8, Kiosks)

Narrow’ outlets, plus convenience chains selling a wider, but still limited range of fresh fruits and vegetables and frozen goods (i.e. 7-eleven, Nærkøb, Letkøb, Elite købmand).

‘Moderate’ outlets, plus grocery store chains (i.e. DagligBrugsen, LokalBrugsen, Spar, Kwikspar, Brugsen, Min købmand).

Supermarkets

Large chain supermarkets only. Often have long opening hours (e.g. 6 am - 11 pm or 24 h) and a wide range of facilities e.g. clothes/homeware departments (i.e. Bilka, Kvickly, SuperBrugsen, Irma, Føtex, SuperBest, SuperSpar, EuroSpar, Løvbjerg, ABC lavpris, MENY)

‘Narrow’ outlets, plus medium supermarkets with shorter opening hours and less extensive range of products and facilities (Discount supermarkets i.e. Fakta, Netto, Kiwi, Rema1000, Aldi)

‘Moderate’ outlets plus small grocery stores, as defined for ‘Convenience – broad’ i.e. Petrol station stores (Shell, Circle K, Uno X, OK plus, Q8), and convenience chains selling a wider, but still limited range of fresh fruits and vegetables and frozen goods (i.e.7-eleven, Nærkøb, Letkøb, Elite købmand, Shop n Play, Kiosks), and grocery stores (i.e. DagligBrugsen, LokalBrugsen, Spar, Kwikspar, Brugsen, Min købmand)

Restaurants

‘Traditional restaurants’ - restaurants serving primarily lunch/dinner meals and providing waited table service

‘Narrow’ outlets, plus restaurants serving readily prepared meals and snacks all day or with a buffet/brunch and providing waited table service (i.e. Café’s)

‘Moderate’ outlets restaurants plus coffeeshops and bakery chains (i.e. Bodenhoffs bageri, Emmerys, Lagkagehuset, Reinh van haun, Farumhus, Meyers bageri, Laglace, City bakery, Grannys house)

Fruit and Vegetable

Outlets are characterized by primarily retailing fruits and vegetables but typically also long-life products but with a limited supply compared with supermarkets. Non-chain convenience stores are included. Farm shops are excluded.

Miscellaneous

Bakeries, Butchers and Fish mongers