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Table 4 Associations between categorized age-specific New Nordic Diet scores and odds of delayed development

From: Adherence to a healthy and potentially sustainable Nordic diet is associated with child development in The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa)

Child development scores

 

6 months

18 months

3 years

5 years, language

5 years, motor

NND adherence categories

Low

Medium

High (ref)

Low

Medium

High (ref)

Low

Medium

High (ref)

Low

Medium

High (ref)

Low

Medium

High (ref)

Maternal pregnancy NND score, OR (95% CI)

 Crude

1.33* (1.22, 1.45)

1.21* (1.12,1.31)

1

1.45* (1.30, 1.61)

1.24* (1.12, 1.37)

1

1.31* (1.17, 1.45)

1.16* (1.05, 1,28)

1

1.14 (0.99, 1.31)

1.00 (0.88, 1.14)

1

1.23* (1.08, 1.41)

1.13 (0.99, 1.28)

1

 Adjusteda

1.35* (1.24, 1.47)

1.22* (1.12,1.32)

1

1.50* (1.34, 1.67)

1.25* (1.12, 1.39)

1

1.29* (1.16, 1.45)

1.15* (1.03, 1.29)

1

1.07 (0.92, 1.24)

0.97 (0.84, 1.11)

1

1.22* (1.06, 1.40)

1.10 (0.95, 1.23)

1

Child NND score 6 months, OR (95% CI)

 Crude

1.54* (1.39, 1.71)

1.31* (1.19,1.44)

1

1.79* (1.55, 2.06)

1.39* (1.21, 1.58)

1

1.40* (1.22, 1.60)

1.21* (1.07, 1.37)

1

1.65* (1.39, 1.97)

1.22* (1.04, 1.44)

1

1.22* (1.03, 1.44)

1.18* (1.02, 1.37)

1

 Adjustedb

1.31* (1.18, 1.47)

1.15* (1.04,1.27)

1

1.57* (1.36, 1.83)

1.26* (1.10, 1.45)

1

1.22* (1.06, 1.51)

1.14 (0.99, 1.27)

1

1.45* (1.20, 1,76)

1.21* (1.02, 1.44)

1

1.18 (0.99, 1.40)

1.18* (1.01, 1.38)

1

Child NND score 18 months, OR (95% CI)

 Crude

   

1.76* (1.56, 2.00)

1.31* (1.16, 1,48)

1

1.61* (1.42, 1.83)

1.27* (1.12, 1.44)

1

1.68* (1.43, 1.99)

1.32* (1.12, 1.55)

1

1.38* (1.19, 1.60)

1.06 (0.91, 1.22)

1

 Adjusted

   

1.72* (1.51, 1.95)

1.30* (1.10, 1.47)

1

1.56* (1.37, 1.78)

1.26* (1.11, 1.43)

1

1.51* (1.27, 1.80)

1.26* (1.07, 1.49)

1

1.38* (1.18, 1.61)

1.07 (0.92, 1.24)

1

Child NND score 3 years, OR (95% CI)

 Crude

      

1.77* (1.56, 2.00)

1.33* (1.19, 1.48)

1

1.50* (1.27, 1.79)

1.20* (1.04, 1.39)

1

1.50* (1.28, 1.77)

1.24* (1.08, 1.42)

1

 Adjusted

      

1.71* (1.51, 1.95)

1.30* (1.16, 1.44)

1

1.38* (1.16, 1.65)

1.13 (0.97, 1.32)

1

1.55* (1.30, 1.84)

1.29* (1.12, 1.49)

1

  1. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of association between New Nordic Diet (NND) adherence categories (low, medium, high) and delayed child development (scoring 2 standard deviations below the mean)
  2. aAdjusted for maternal age, civil status, maternal education, maternal BMI, maternal depression, parity, siblings included in the study population and child age at completion of questionnaire
  3. bGestational age was additionally adjusted for in analysis of child diet
  4. *p-value < 0.05