Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 10–12 years old students in Tehran
Demographic characteristics | Total | Boys | Girls | P value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
Grade | 803 | 0.59 | ||
fifth | 413(51.6) | 220(53.3) | 193(46.7) | |
sixth | 390(48.4) | 199(51.1) | 191(48.9) | |
Birth order | 801 | 0.67 | ||
< 2 | 439(54.8) | 232(55.5) | 207(54) | |
≥ 2 | 362(45.2) | 186(44.5) | 176(46) | |
Father age tertile (year): | 793 | 0.11 | ||
T1:30–40 | 210(26.5) | 121(29.3) | 89(23.4) | |
T2:41–45 | 485(61.2) | 236(57.1) | 249(65.5) | |
T3:≤ 46 | 98(12.3) | 56(13.6) | 42(11.1) | |
Mother age tertile (year): | 797 | 0.44 | ||
T1:23–35 | 25(3.1) | 11(2.7) | 14(3.7) | |
T2:36–40 | 502(63) | 263(63.5) | 239(62.4) | |
T3:≥ 41 | 270(33.9) | 140(33.8) | 130(33.9) | |
Ethnicity | 801 | 0.18 | ||
Fars | 442(55.2) | 217(51.8) | 225(58.9) | |
Azeri | 230(28.7) | 128(30.5) | 102(26.7) | |
Fars-Azeri | 48(6) | 25(6) | 23(6) | |
Other | 81(10.1) | 49(11.7) | 32 (8.3) | |
School type | 803 | 0.59 | ||
Public | 693(86.3) | 359(85.7) | 334(87.3) | |
private | 110(13.7) | 60(14.3) | 50(13) | |
Family size | 800 | 0.77 | ||
≥ 3 | 161(20.1) | 82(19.6) | 79(20.7) | |
4 | 467(58.4) | 249(59.6) | 218(57.1) | |
≤ 5 | 172(21.5) | 87(20.8) | 85(17.8) | |
Father education | 792 | < 0.001* | ||
illiterate to ≤5 years | 85(10.7) | 64(15.5) | 21(5.5) | |
6–9 years up to diploma | 398(50.3) | 210(50.8) | 188(49.6) | |
associate’s degree or higher | 309(39) | 139(33.7) | 170(44.3) | |
Mother education | 797 | 0.22 | ||
illiterate up to ≤5 years | 87(10.9) | 52(12.6) | 35(9.1) | |
6–9 years up to diploma | 463(58.1) | 241(58.2) | 222(58) | |
associate’s degree or higher | 247(31) | 121(29.2) | 126(32.9) | |
Father job position | 790 | < 0.001* | ||
Worker | 106(13.4) | 69(17) | 37(9.9) | |
Employee/clerk | 327(41.4) | 142(34.9) | 185(49.6) | |
high rank employee/clerk | 140(17.7) | 88(21.6) | 52(13.9) | |
Retired | 20(2.5) | 11(2.7) | 9(2.4) | |
self-manager | 187(23.7) | 97(23.8) | 90(24.1) | |
Unemployed | 10(1.3) | 4(1) | 6(1.6) | |
Mother employment | 797 | 0.83 | ||
Working | 633(79.4) | 330(79.7) | 303(79.1) | |
Housewife | 164(20.6) | 84(20.3) | 80(20.9) | |
Other income source of family members | 789 | 0.98 | ||
No | 742(94) | 388(92.6) | 354(92.4) | |
Yes | 47(6) | 24(5.7) | 23(6) | |
House ownership status | 802 | 0.005* | ||
Owner | 428(53.4) | 225(53.7) | 203(53) | |
Tenant | 262(32.6) | 151(36) | 111(29) | |
Mortgage | 35(4.4) | 16(3.8) | 19(5) | |
Other | 77(9.6) | 27(6.4) | 50(13.1) | |
Financial support source | 802 | 0.25 | ||
No | 784(97.7) | 412(98.3) | 372(97.1) | |
Yes | 18(2.2) | 7(1.7) | 11(2.9) | |
Z score for BMI | 803 | < 0.001* | ||
Thinness | 15(1.9) | 9(2.1) | 6(1.6) | |
Normal | 382(47.6) | 186(44.4) | 196(51.0) | |
Overweight | 214(26.7) | 97(23.2) | 117(30.5) | |
Obese | 192(23.9) | 127(30.3) | 65(16.9) | |
HHa food security status | 749 | |||
FSb | 563(75.2) | 281(71.1) | 282(73.4) | 0.001* |
FIc without hunger | 131(17.5) | 88(22.3) | 43(12.1) | |
FI with hunger | 55(7.3) | 26(6.6) | 29(8.2) |