Table 1 Characteristics of participants in the Health Workers Cohort Study according to their soft drink and non-caloric soft drink intake at baseline (n = 1,324)
Soft drink intake | Non-caloric soft drink intake | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 1324 | ||||||||
Never | < 1 per week | 1–4 per week | > 5 per week | Never | < 1 per week | 1–4 per week | > 5 per week | |
N = 77(5.82) | n = 285(21.5) | n = 684(51.7) | n = 278(21.0) | n = 933(70.5) | n = 252(19.0) | n = 95(7.2) | n = 44(3.3) | |
Sex, % | ||||||||
Women | 90.91 | 89.12 | 81.73 | 67.27 | 80.6 | 77.8 | 87.4 | 88.6 |
Age (years)a | 50.7(12.1) | 47.4(13.3) | 45.3(12.7) | 43.5(11.8) | 45.7(13.0) | 45.1(12.7) | 47.1(10.7) | 44.7(11.7) |
Systolic Blood pressure (mm Hg)a | 116.9(13.8) | 115.2(12.6) | 116.1(13.0) | 117.5(14.0) | 116.0(13.3) | 117.7(13.3) | 115.5(12.4) | 113.8(11.7) |
Diastolic Blood pressure (mm Hg)a | 71.9(11.6) | 70.7(9.3) | 71.7(9.2) | 73.1(12.0) | 71.5(10.0) | 72.5(10.0) | 72.9(9.9) | 72.8(10.0) |
Total energy intake (kcal/day)a | 2146.5(938.1) | 1998.2(876.8) | 2085.1(860.9) | 2407.3(869.5) | 2148.6(909.0) | 2124.2(838.8) | 2006.5(786.8) | 2292.2(690.7) |
Alcohol (g/day)b | 0.2(0.0–0.8) | 0.6(0–1.7) | 1.0(0.2–4.0) | 1.5(0.4–5.6) | 0.8(0.4–2.6) | 1.6(0.3–5.6) | 1.8(0.6–6.8) | 1.6(0.3–3.0) |
Tertile 1 (< 0.6), % | 57.1 | 44.9 | 31.7 | 26.3 | 38.9 | 26.2 | 22.1 | 27.3 |
Tertile 2 (0.6–2.4), % | 27.3 | 33.7 | 33.3 | 35.6 | 33.9 | 32.1 | 33.7 | 34.1 |
Tertile 3 (> 2.4), % | 15.6 | 21.4 | 34.9 | 38.1 | 27.2 | 41.7 | 44.2 | 38.6 |
Physical activity (hrs. per week)b | 1.5(0.4–5.3) | 1.5(0.4–3.9) | 1.5(0.4–3.7) | 0.8(0.2–3.6) | 1.5(0.3–3.8) | 1.5(0.4–4.3) | 1.5(0.2–4.0) | 1.5(0.4–5.6) |
Active (≥ 2.5 h. per week), % | 42.9 | 42.5 | 37.4 | 31.7 | 37.8 | 37.7 | 37.9 | 31.8 |
Smoking | ||||||||
Never,% | 64.9 | 66.3 | 59.1 | 48.9 | 62.6 | 53.2 | 44.2 | 43.2 |
Former,% | 6.5 | 10.2 | 16.1 | 22.3 | 13.6 | 17.9 | 22.1 | 31.8 |
Current,% | 28.6 | 23.5 | 24.9 | 28.4 | 23.8 | 29.0 | 33.7 | 25.0 |
Education | ||||||||
Basic school, % | 11.7 | 16.1 | 10.7 | 10.1 | 12.5 | 9.5 | 11.6 | 9.1 |
High school, % | 13.0 | 14.4 | 16.4 | 18.0 | 17.8 | 12.7 | 10.5 | 11.4 |
Undergraduate, % | 10.4 | 17.2 | 27.2 | 25.9 | 22.9 | 23.8 | 32.6 | 22.7 |
Graduate or more, % | 64.9 | 52.3 | 45.8 | 46.0 | 46.7 | 54.0 | 45.3 | 56.8 |
BMI(kg/m2)a | 26.0(4.0) | 26.0(4.4) | 26.7(4.4) | 26.7(4.8) | 26.2(4.5) | 27.2(4.3) | 27.9(4.0) | 27.0(4.7) |
Normal,% | 44.2 | 48.1 | 37.9 | 39.2 | 44.5 | 32.1 | 26.3 | 40.9 |
Overweight,% | 39.0 | 36.1 | 42.4 | 39.2 | 37.9 | 46.4 | 46.3 | 38.6 |
Obesity,% | 16.9 | 15.8 | 19.7 | 21.6 | 17.6 | 21.4 | 27.4 | 20.5 |
Type 2 diabetes, % | 18.2 | 13.0 | 6.6 | 3.2 | 6.9 | 9.9 | 11.6 | 11.4 |