From: Role of D-mannose in urinary tract infections – a narrative review
Reference | Study Design | Subjects and groups | Supplementation | Main Findings (including safety) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Domenici 2016 [67] | Pilot study, randomized for long-term prophylactic effect | 18–65 year old women with acute cystitis and/or history of rUTIs n = 43 | Acute: 13 days; 1.5 g D-mannose twice daily for 3 days and then once a day for 10 days. Long-term: 6 months; once a day for a week every other month | D-mannose has potential as an effective agent for both acute UTI and as prophylactic for rUTI in a specific population No AEs |
Kranjčec 2014 [68] | Prospective, randomized, open-label, controlled study | 18 + years old women with acute cystitis and a history of recurrent cystitis in 3 groups: 1. (n = 103) D-mannose 2. (n = 103) Nitrofurantoin 3. (n = 102) no prophylaxis n = 308 | Long-term: 6 months once a day D-mannose: 2 g in 200 ml water Nitrofurantoin: 50 mg | D-mannose may be beneficial for UTI prevention. The decreased recurrence rate did not differ between patients who took Nitrofurantoin and D-mannose Mild AEs in 7.8% (diarrhea) of D-mannose group compared to 27.2% (various AEs) in Nitrofurantoin group |
Phe 2017 [69] | A single-center, open-label, feasibility study | 46–59 year old MS patients using and not using urinary catheters, experiencing rUTIs n = 22 | Long-term: 16 weeks, 1.5 g D-mannose twice a day | D-mannose is safe and feasible supplementation for patients having MS. For efficacy, further studies are needed. No AEs |
Porru 2014 [70] | Pilot study, randomized, cross-over trial | 22–54 years old female patients with acute symptomatic UTI and ≥ 3rUTIs during the preceding 12 months n = 60 | Long-term cross-over design: Group 1: 1 g D-mannose 3 times a day, every 8 h for 2 weeks, and subsequently 1 g twice a day for 22 weeks. Group 2: 5-day antibiotic therapy with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 160 mg/800 mg twice a day, followed by a single dose at bedtime for 1 week each month in the following 23 weeks Cross-over point at week 24 | D-mannose was shown to be effective and safe in preventing rUTIs in women. The proportion of infection free women was greater in D-mannose group compared to antibiotic group. No AEs mentioned |