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Table 5 The relationships between maternal feeding practices and fruit and vegetable intakes and their contribution to the total dietary intake, by multivariate analyses

From: Maternal feeding practices and toddlers’ fruit and vegetable consumption: results from the DIT-Coombe Hospital birth cohort in Ireland

Variables

Intake

Contribution to total dietary intake

Vegetable

Fruit

Vegetable

Fruit

Adjusted OR

(95% CI)

P

Adjusted OR

(95% CI)

P

Adjusted OR

(95% CI)

P

Adjusted OR

(95% CI)

P

Breastfeeding duration

(> 4 weeks)

1.95

(1.00–3.81)

0.050

2.93

(1.29–6.64)

0.010

2.02

(1.02–3.99)

0.043

2.62

(1.19–5.80)

0.017

Child’s age of weaning onto solid (> 16 weeks)

1.15

(0.59–2.21)

0.687

1.15

(0.54–2.47)

0.723

1.81

(0.92–3.58)

0.087

1.79

(0.81–3.99)

0.151

Does the child usually eat with family members?

(Yes, most of the time)

5.45

(1.69–17.61)

0.005

2.14 (0.66–6.90)

0.205

3.78

(1.04–13.82)

0.044

0.68 (0.22–2.09)

0.501

If your child refuses to eat, you tend to

 Take it away

1.33

(0.70–2.53)

0.390

0.95

(0.45–1.99)

0.882

0.95

(0.49–1.85)

0.886

0.93 (0.43–2.03)

0.858

 Coax her/him to eat

0.96

(0.50–1.86)

0.909

1.77

(0.80–3.90)

0.157

0.84

(0.43–1.66)

0.621

1.71 (0.75–3.90)

0.203

 Punish her/him for not eating

NA

NA

0.580

(0.05–7.31)

0.674

NA

NA

0.67

(0.05–8.47)

0.758

 Not worry too much about it (Yes)

2.10

(1.09–4.05)

0.027

1.48

(0.69–3.18)

0.313

1.30

(0.66–2.58)

0.446

1.04 (0.47–2.26)

0.930

If your child is slow to eat or finish a meal, do you try to distract her/him during eating (e.g. playing aeroplanes, watching TV, etc.)?

 Sometimes

1.00

(0.49–2.04)

0.994

0.54 (0.24–1.23)

0.140

1.23

(0.59–2.57)

0.574

0.66

(0.28–1.55)

0.339

 Quite often/Almost all the time

0.47

(0.18–1.20)

0.115

0.39 (0.13–1.16)

0.091

0.45

(0.16–1.31)

0.144

0.93

(0.32–2.74)

0.899

  1. The independent variable was each feeding practices variable, with the adjustment of demographic variables with a significant level of P < 0.15 in the univariate analyses (Table 1 and Table 2) and significantly different between the original study and follow-up study (Table S1) (i.e. mother’s age at time of childbirth, maternal marital status, maternal education, accommodation and health insurance status)