Table 3 Prospective association between vitamin K intake and echocardiographic measurements in 427 participants

n

106

107

107

107

LVMI (g/m^2.7)^b

42.9±12.4

42.1 ±10.9

40.2±10.9

44.4±13.0

Total vitamin K (mg/day)

Ref

-2.3 (-5.4; 0.8)

-3.5 (-6.7; -0.3)

-0.7 (-4.1; 2.6)

0.54

Vitamin K₁

Ref

0.1 (-3.1; 3.1)

-3.8 (-7.0; -0.6)

0.3 (-2.9; 3.6)

0.57

Vitamin K₂

Ref

-1.4 (-4.8; 2.1)

-0.6 (-4.2; 2.9)

-0.6 (-4.7; 3.5)

0.88

Long-chain

Ref

-0.1 (-3.4; 3.3)

-2.2 (-5.5; 1.1)

-0.9 (-5.0; 3.1)

0.32

Short-chain

Ref

-3.0 (-6.3; 0.3)

-1.7 (-5.4; 1.9)

-0.2 (-4.5; 4.1)

0.88

LVEF (%)^b

52.2±9.8

53.4±9.5

54.3±11.1

51.2±10.4

Total vitamin K (mg/day)

Ref

-0.3 (-3.3; 2.6)

-0.7 (-3.8; 2.3)

-1.6 (-4.4; 2.0)

0.29

Vitamin K₁

Ref

1.3 (-1.7; 4.3)

1.2 (-2.1; 4.4)

-1.2 (-4.3; 2.1)

0.43

Vitamin K₂

Ref

-1.3 (-4.6; 2.0)

-1.8 (-5.2; 1.5)

2.1 (-1.9; 6.1)

0.52

Long-chain

Ref

-1.1 (-4.3; 2.1)

-2.6 (-5.7; 0.5)

-1.2 (-4.9; 2.6)

0.31

Short-chain

Ref

-0.3 (-3.5; 2.9)

2.4 (-1.1; 5.9)

1.2 (-3.0; 5.5)

0.29

LAVI (mL/m²)^b

25.3±11.7

26.0±11.7

26.6±14.0

26.6±12.1

Total vitamin K (mg/day)

Ref

-0.2 (-3.1; 2.7)

-0.6 (-3.7; 2.5)

-1.6 (-4.7; 1.5)

0.29

Vitamin K₁

Ref

0.2 (-2.7; 3.2)

-1.3 (-4.3; 1.8)

-1.1 (-4.2; 2.0)

0.33

Vitamin K₂

Ref

1.8 (-1.3; 5.0)

1.8 (-1.5; 5.0)

1.5 (-2.3; 5.3)

0.46

Long-chain

Ref

2.7 (-0.2; 5.6)

0.8 (-2.2; 3.8)

2.1 (-1.4; 5.6)

0.48

Short-chain

Ref

3.1 (0.0; 6.2)

1.8 (-1.6; 5.2)

0.6 (-3.3; 4.6)

0.97