The effects of Taurine supplementation on inflammatory markers and clinical outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury: a double-blind randomized controlled trial

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants

Variable	Taurine (n = 22)	Control (n = 22)	p-value
Age (year)	33.3 ± 13.4	32.4 ± 11.4	0.80
Gender (N [%])			0.99
Male	17 (77.3)	18 (81.8)
Female	5 (22.7)	4 (18.2)
Weight (kg)	74.1 ± 11.72	74.3 ± 8.61	0.96
BMI (kg/ m²)	25.3 ± 3.2	25.2 ± 2.5	0.85
Cause of TBI (N [%])			0.51
Accident	20 (90.9)	20 (90.9)
Fall	1 (4.5)	2 (9.1)
Gun shut	1 (4.5)	0 (0)
Glasgow Coma Scale	7 (7, 7)	7 (7, 8)	0.07
Type of TBI based on CT scan findings (N [%])			0.79
Diffuse axonal injury	12 (54.5)	12 (54.5)
Extradural hemorrhage	3 (13.6)	2 (9.1)
Subarachnoid hemorrhage	2 (9.1)	3 (13.6)
Subdural hematoma	4 (18.2)	4 (18.2)
Intraventricular hemorrhage	0 (0)	1 (4.5)
Intracerebral hemorrhage	1 (4.5)	0 (0)
Surgical procedures			0.99
Craniotomy	10 (45.5)	10 (45.5)
Temperature (°C)	37.3 ± 0.7	37.3 ± 0.9	0.93
Mean Arterial Pressure (mmHg)	92 ± 13.6	93.6 ± 11.8	0.68
APACHEII score	14 (12, 16)	14 (11, 16)	0.80
SOFA score	8 (6, 9)	8 (7, 9)	0.25

The Fisher’s exact test was used for gender, the Pearson chi-square test for cause of TBI, type of TBI and surgical procedures, Mann-Whitney U test for GCS, APACHEII and SOFA scores, and independent samples t-test for the others. Values are presented as mean ± SD, median (IQR), or frequency (percent).

ISSN: 1475-2891