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Table 1 Participant characteristics at enrollment, by EI reporting status based on the revised-Goldberg and pTEE methods

From: The effect of different methods to identify, and scenarios used to address energy intake misestimation on dietary patterns derived by cluster analysis

Characteristics

Revised-Goldberg

pTEE

 

EI-MR

EI-PR

EI-MR

EI-PR

Total

 

(n = 12,333)

(n = 13,755)

(n = 13,153)

(n = 12,935)

(n = 26,088)

 

47.3%

52.7%

50.4%

49.6%

 

Sex

 Men, n (%)

4719 (38.3)

5128 (37.3)

5096 (38.7)

4751 (36.7)

9847 (37.8)

 Women, n (%)

7614 (61.7)

8627 (62.7)

8057 (61.3)

8184 (63.3)

16,241 (62.3)

 Age in years, median (IQR)

50.0 (14.0)

50.0 (15.0)

50.0 (15.0)

50.0 (14.0)

50.0 (14.0)

Marital status, n (%)

 Married/With partner

9467 (76.8)

11,034 (80.2)

10,117 (76.9)

10,384 (80.3)

20,501 (78.6)

 Single

736 (6.0)

770 (5.6)

794 (6.0)

712 (5.5)

1506 (5.8)

 Divorced/Separated/Widowed

2129 (17.3)

1949 (14.2)

2240 (17.0)

1838 (14.2)

4078 (15.6)

Educational attainment, n (%)

 Post-secondary completed

6126 (49.7)

7299 (53.1)

6611 (50.3)

6814 (52.7)

13,425 (51.5)

 Some post-secondary

2659 (21.6)

2693 (19.6)

2811 (21.4)

2541 (19.7)

5352 (20.5)

 High school completed

2353 (19.1)

2475 (18.0)

2470 (18.8)

2358 (18.2)

4828 (18.5)

 High school not completed

1194 (9.7)

1287 (9.4)

1260 (9.6)

1221 (9.4)

2481 (9.5)

Employment status, n (%)

 Employed full-time

7371 (59.8)

7243 (52.7)

7734 (58.8)

6880 (53.2)

14,614 (56.0)

 Employed part-time

1902 (15.4)

2475 (18.0)

2032 (15.5)

2345 (18.1)

4377 (16.8)

 Not employed

1538 (12.5)

2030 (14.8)

1646 (12.5)

1922 (14.9)

3568 (13.7)

 Retired

1519 (12.3)

2001 (14.6)

1738 (13.2)

1782 (13.8)

3520 (13.5)

Annual household income, n (%)

  < $50,000

3814 (31.6)

4228 (31.5)

4028 (31.3)

4014 (31.8)

8042 (31.6)

 $50,000–$99,999

5087 (42.2)

5597 (41.7)

5420 (42.1)

5264 (41.8)

10,684 (41.9)

  > $100,000

3165 (26.2)

3584 (26.7)

3418 (26.6)

3331 (26.4)

6749 (26.5)

Smoking Status, n (%)

 Current smoker

2043 (16.6)

2492 (18.1)

2170 (16.5)

2365 (18.3)

4535 (17.4)

 Former smoker

4805 (39.0)

5027 (36.6)

5122 (39.0)

4710 (36.4)

9832 (37.7)

 Never smoked

5471 (44.4)

6233 (45.3)

5848 (44.5)

5856 (45.3)

11,704 (44.9)

Body mass index in kg/m2, n (%)

 18.0–24.9

3333 (27.0)

5447 (39.6)

3754 (28.5)

5026 (38.9)

8780 (33.7)

 25.0–29.9

4959 (40.2)

5348 (38.9)

5242 (39.9)

5065 (39.2)

10,307 (39.5)

  ≥ 30.0

4041 (32.8)

2960 (21.5)

4157 (31.6)

2844 (22.0)

7001 (26.8)

 Physical Activity Level, median (IQR)

2.0 (0.5)

1.8 (0.5)

2.0 (0.5)

1.9 (0.6)

1.9 (0.5)

 EI in kcal/day, median (IQR)

1327 (573)

2104 (884)

1322 (534)

2152 (847)

1702 (918)

 %EI from carbohydrate, median (IQR)

51.0 (11.1)

49.7 (10.6)

51.0 (11.1)

49.6 (10.5)

50.3 (10.9)

 %EI from protein, median (IQR)

16.0 (3.8)

15.9 (3.6)

16.0 (3.8)

15.9 (3.6)

15.9 (3.7)

 %EI from fat, median (IQR)

31.8 (9.0)

33.5 (8.9)

31.8 (9.0)

33.6 (8.9)

32.7 (9.1)

 %EI from alcohol, median (IQR)

1.4 (3.7)

1.2 (3.7)

1.4 (3.7)

1.1 (3.7)

1.3 (3.7)

 Dairy in servings/day, median (IQR)

1.0 (1.1)

1.7 (1.7)

1.0 (1.0)

1.8 (1.7)

1.4 (1.4)

 Fruit in servings/day, median (IQR)

2.0 (1.9)

2.8 (2.6)

1.9 (1.8)

2.9 (2.7)

2.4 (2.3)

 Vegetable in servings/day, median (IQR)

3.1 (2.2)

4.6 (2.9)

3.1 (2.1)

4.7 (2.9)

3.8 (2.8)

 Whole grain in servings/day, median (IQR)

0.8 (0.8)

1.3 (1.1)

0.8 (0.8)

1.3 (1.1)

1.0 (1.0)

  1. EI-MR Energy Intake Misreporters, EI-PR Energy Intake Plausible Reporters, IQR Interquartile Range, pTEE Predicted Total Energy Expenditure