Table 4 Logistic regression analysis for factors associated with risk of NAFLD in lean and obese participants

Male gender

10.789

2.234 (1.383–3.608)

0.001

5.315

1.494 (1.062–2.101)

0.021

Body mass index (kg/m²)

13.163

1.439 (1.182–1.751)

< 0.001

13.794

1.192 (1.086–1.307)

< 0.001

Waist circumference (cm)

9.856

1.074 (1.027–1.122)

0.002

11.344

1.052 (1.021–1.084)

0.001

Alanine aminotransferase (U/L)

11.112

1.019 (1.008–1.030)

0.001

27.934

1.026 (1.016–1.036)

< 0.001

Triglyceride (mmol/L)

15.537

1.460 (1.210–1.762)

< 0.001

12.495

1.302 (1.125–1.507)

< 0.001

HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

11.076

0.271 (0.125–0.584)

0.001

19.940

0.271 (0.153–0.480)

< 0.001

LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

8.583

1.469 (1.136–1.899)

0.003

4.322

1.205 (1.011–1.437)

0.038

Serum uric acid (μmol/L)

9.342

1.005 (1.002–1.008)

0.002

13.417

1.004 (1.002–1.006)

< 0.001

Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L)

11.160

1.251 (1.097–1.427)

0.001

15.639

1.274 (1.130–1.436)

< 0.001

Vitamin D (nmol/L)

–

–

–

18.017

0.987 (0.981–0.993)

< 0.001