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Table 2 Association of alcohol consumption and CVD, cancer and mortality in different smoking status

From: Alcohol consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and mortality: a prospective cohort study

Alcohol consumption, g/wk

0

1–25

26–150

151–350

> 350

Ptrend

Pinteraction

n = 50,291/8379

n = 3748/5501

n = 1470/3549

n = 1066/3449

n = 1014/5200

Composite CVD, cancer, and mortality

< 0.001

 Non-smoker

1.43 (1.28, 1.59)

1 (ref)

1.15 (0.97, 1.36)

1.16 (0.97, 1.39)

1.19 (0.98, 1.45)

0.03

 

 Smoker

1.31 (1.18, 1.44)

1

1.14 (1.01, 1.29)

1.22 (1.09, 1.37)

1.37 (1.23, 1.53)

0.002

 

CVD

< 0.001

 Non-smoker

1.39 (1.20, 1.62)

1

1.04 (0.81, 1.33)

1.17 (0.91, 1.50)

1.24 (0.94, 1.62)

0.20

 

 Smoker

1.22 (1.07, 1.40)

1

1.05 (0.89, 1.25)

1.16 (0.99, 1.36)

1.26 (1.08, 1.46)

0.09

 

Cancer

0.05

 Non-smoker

1.27 (1.01, 1.59)

1

1.59 (1.14, 2.23)

1.21 (0.83, 1.77)

1.03 (0.66, 1.61)

0.005

 

 Smoker

1.27 (1.03, 1.56)

1

1.28 (0.99, 1.66)

1.33 (1.05, 1.69)

1.48 (1.18, 1.86)

0.005

 

Mortality

< 0.001

 Non-smoker

1.55 (1.33, 1.81)

1

1.23 (0.97, 1.56)

1.15 (0.90, 1.47)

1.09 (0.81, 1.46)

< 0.001

 

 Smoker

1.50 (1.30, 1.74)

1

1.21 (1.01, 1.46)

1.22 (1.03, 1.46)

1.45 (1.23, 1.71)

0.35

 
  1. Values are hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals. Numbers of non-smoker/smoker were listed for each category
  2. Adjusted for age, sex, marriage (single, first marriage, other), education (elementary or below, middle or high school, college or above), household income per capita (≤500, 501–1000, > 1000 Chinese yuan/month), moderate/vigorous physical activity (< 1, 1–3, ≥4 times/week), sodium intake (< 6, 6–9.9, ≥10 g/day), body mass index (kg/m2), fasting blood glucose (mmol/L), anti-hypertension drugs (yes, no), anti-diabetes drugs (yes, no), and lipid-lowering drugs (yes, no)
  3. CVD cardiovascular diseases