Association of nutrient-derived dietary patterns with sarcopenia and its components in community-dwelling older Japanese: a cross-sectional study

Table 5 Association between tertile of dietary pattern 1 scores and components of sarcopenia

	Dietary pattern 1 scores			Effects per one-tertile increase	p for trend
	Tertile 1	Tertile 2	Tertile 3
	Mean (SE)
Appendicular lean mass (kg/m²)
Model 1^a	6.5 (0.03)	6.5 (0.03)	6.6 (0.03)	0.01	0.701
Model 2^b	6.5 (0.02)	6.5 (0.02)	6.6 (0.02)	0.02	0.164
Grip strength (kg)
Model 1^a	27.8 (0.2)	27.9 (0.2)	28.4 (0.2)	0.33	0.047
Model 2^b	27.8 (0.2)	27.9 (0.2)	28.4 (0.2)	0.31	0.059
Usual gait speed (m/s)
Model 1^a	1.33 (0.01)	1.36 (0.01)	1.37 (0.01)	0.02	0.004
Model 2^b	1.33 (0.01)	1.35 (0.01)	1.37 (0.01)	0.02	0.024

^aModel 1 was adjusted for sex (men or women), age (years, continuous), and study site (Hatoyama, Kusatsu, or Itabashi)
^bModel 2 was adjusted for variables in Model 1 plus education (years, continuous), living alone (single, with spouse only, or other), smoking habits (current, former, or never), drinking habits (every day, sometimes, or none/rarely), self-perceived chewing ability (can chew anything/almost anything or cannot chew much), frequency of going out (more than once a day or less than once a day), medical history (hypertension, diabetes, cancer, stroke, heart disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; yes or no), body mass index (kg/m², continuous), energy intake (kcal/d, continuous) and MMSE (score, continuous)

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