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Table 3 Spearman correlation coefficients for relationships between biomarkers and 139-group and 20-group diet quality scores

From: Development of a short food frequency questionnaire to assess diet quality in UK adolescents using the National Diet and Nutrition Survey

Biomarker

139-group Diet Quality Score

20-group Diet Quality Score

rS

p-value

n

rS

p-value

n

25-Hydroxy Vitamin D (nmol/L)

0.14

<  0.001

874

0.11

0.001

874

Holotranscobalamin (pmol/L)

0.22

0.004

171

0.12

0.10

171

Vitamin B12 (pmol/L)

0.21

< 0.001

872

0.15

< 0.001

872

Homocysteine (μmol/L)

−0.25

< 0.001

609

−0.18

< 0.001

609

Vitamin C (μmol/L)

0.30

< 0.001

845

0.27

< 0.001

845

Lutein (μmol/L)

0.24

< 0.001

862

0.23

< 0.001

862

Alpha-Cryptoxanthin (μmol/L)

0.23

< 0.001

862

0.20

< 0.001

862

Beta-Cryptoxanthin (μmol/L)

0.35

< 0.001

861

0.34

< 0.001

861

Lycopene (μmol/L)

0.10

0.002

861

0.09

0.006

861

Beta-Carotene (μmol/L)

0.24

< 0.001

861

0.18

< 0.001

861

Alpha-Carotene (μmol/L)

0.19

< 0.001

861

0.17

< 0.001

861

Total carotenoids (μmol/L)

0.25

< 0.001

861

0.21

< 0.001

861

Total serum folate (nmol/L)

0.42

< 0.001

177

0.39

< 0.001

177

Urinary sodium concentration (mmol/L)

−0.14

< 0.001

997

−0.14

< 0.001

997

Urinary potassium (mmol/L)

0.06

0.08

997

0.03

0.32

997