Table 2 Nutrient and food group intake by quartile of potential renal acid load, the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (Ansan-Ansung)

 Energy, kcal/d

2030 ± 686^a

2027 ± 631

1949 ± 576

2020 ± 599

0.0002

 % Energy from carbohydrate

76.1 ± 5.6

73.7 ± 5.5

72.8 ± 5.8

68.1 ± 7.0

< 0.0001

 % Energy from fat

11.2 ± 4.5

12.5 ± 4.6

12.9 ± 4.8

15.9 ± 5.5

< 0.0001

 % Energy from total protein

12.0 ± 2.1

12.2 ± 2.1

12.4 ± 2.2

14.0 ± 2.6

< 0.0001

 % Energy from plant protein

8.3 ± 1.3

8.1 ± 1.2

7.9 ± 1.1

7.5 ± 1.2

< 0.0001

 % Energy from animal protein

3.7 ± 2.2

4.2 ± 2.3

4.5 ± 2.3

6.5 ± 3.0

< 0.0001

 Dietary fiber, g/d

19.2 ± 6.9

13.8 ± 4.4

11.9 ± 4.4

10.8 ± 4.0

< 0.0001

 Phosphorous, mg/d

959.5 ± 178.9

942.4 ± 167.0

935.6 ± ±174.2

994.0 ± 186.5

0.0007

 Potassium, mg/d

2995 ± 567

2446 ± 402

2219 ± 411

2149 ± 416

< 0.0001

 Calcium, mg/d

531.9 ± 190.5

476.8 ± 158.9

447.9 ± 164.4

444.4 ± 164.7

< 0.0001

 Magnesium, mg/d

178.0 ± 58.4

147.2 ± 48.8

135.8 ± 50.5

136.2 ± 48.9

< 0.0001

 Grains and grain products

743.0 ± 251.6

794.3 ± 245.4

790.1 ± 243.4

771.1 ± 227.9

0.0027

 Rice

663.6 ± 234.9

696.0 ± 220.7

692.3 ± 229.9

650.2 ± 201.4

0.8833

 Vegetables

495.3 ± 248.3

337.5 ± 156.8

252.6 ± 127.9

224.4 ± 124.8

< 0.0001

 Fruits

407.6 ± 395.2

207.4 ± 182.5

145.0 ± 133.5

118.9 ± 107.6

< 0.0001

 Meat

40.6 ± 39.9

49.3 ± 47.8

50.9 ± 45.8

85.5 ± 73.5

< 0.0001

 Fish and shellfish

32.4 ± 32.6

35.9 ± 37.9

37.6 ± 34.5

57.7 ± 51.0

< 0.0001

 Milk and dairy products

111.0 ± 139.6

114.0 ± 133.5

107.9 ± 118.1

99.8 ± 115.8

0.0079

 Soft drinks

19.5 ± 49.3

23.3 ± 52.2

22.9 ± 48.1

29.7 ± 51.4

0.0215