Table 2 Quality assessment of the included studies [30]
Domain | Specific item | Watson 1970 [25] | Luft 1982 [26] | Luft 1982 [15] | Liu 1986 [16] | Liu 1987 [17] | He 1993 [18] | Yasutake 2015 [31] | Yasutake 2016 [19] | Do 2016 [22] | Petersen 2016 [11] | Huang 2018 [23] | Dong 2018 [24] | Kim 2018 [20] | Kramers 2019 [21] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sample and sample size | Non-homogenous sample | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
N > 50 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | |
Statistics to assess validity | Test of mean, median or difference | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Correlations | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | |
Agreement | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | |
Data collection | Verbal or written instructions to collect urine | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Spillage or missed voids assessed post-collection | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
Seasonality | Considered | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Supplements | Included and data considered in analysis | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
SCOREa | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 4.5 | 3.5 | 2.0 | |
QUALITYb | P | P | A | A | A | G | A | A | A | G | A | G | G | P | |