Table 2 Dietary intakes of study participants by tertile categories of DII score ^a

Range of DII

<−0.88

−0.88, −0.70

> − 0.71

Energy (kcal/d)

2262 ± 92.36

2153 ± 92.05

2373 ± 92.93

0.25

 Carbohydrates (g/d)

368.32 ± 5.51

366.63 ± 5.50

363.12 ± 5.56

0.799

 Proteins (g/d)

89.55 ± 1.78

86.98 ± 1.78

81.66 ± 1.80

0.008

 Total fats (g/d)

58.15 ± 1.89

58.37 ± 1.89

61.33 ± 1.91

0.43

 Cholesterol (mg/d)

194.32 ± 7.95

195.94 ± 7.94

218.16 ± 8.02

0.068

 SFA (g/d)

16.72 ± 0.53

17.51 ± 0.53

19.24 ± 0.53

0.004

 MUFA (g/d)

19.24 ± 0.83

18.88 ± 0.83

19.62 ± 0.83

0.824

 PUFA (g/d)

14.02 ± 0.77

14.15 ± 0.77

14.65 ± 0.78

0.838

 Fe (mg/d)

21.53 ± 0.32

20.08 ± 0.32

18.48 ± 0.32

< 0.001

 Mg (mg/d)

483.76 ± 8.62

450.09 ± 8.61

385.48 ± 8.69

<  0.001

 Zn (mg/d)

12.65 ± 0.28

12.62 ± 0.28

11.64 ± 0.28

0.022

 Se (mg/d)

0.097 ± 0.003

0.097 ± 0.003

0.098 ± 0.004

0.965

 Thiamine (mg/d)

2.31 ± 0.04

2.28 ± 0.04

2.09 ± 0.04

0.001

 Riboflavin (mg/d)

2.39 ± 0.05

2.20 ± 0.05

<  0.001

 Niacin (mg/d)

21.21 ± 0.37

20.16 ± 0.37

0.005

 Vitamin B6 (mg/d)

2.71 ± 0.12

2.14 ± 0.12

<  0.001

 b-carotene (mcg/d)

2265.7 ± 97.51

1365.8 ± 98.44

<  0.001

 Vitamin A (RE/d)

1709.5 ± 60.70

1244.9 ± 61.28

<  0.001

 Vitamin C (mg/d)

268.67 ± 8.50

201.12 ± 8.58

<  0.001

 Vitamin E (mg/d)

9.17 ± 0.5

9.40 ± 0.5

0.760

 Vitamin D (mcg/d)

1.85 ± 0.19

1.81 ± 0.19

0.069

 Vitamin B12 (mcg/d)

4.65 ± 0.23

4.23 ± 0.24

0.240

 Folate (mcg/d)

553.81 ± 9.64

458.84 ± 9.73

<  0.001

 Dietary fiber (g/d)

29.53 ± 0.70

24.24 ± 0.71

<  0.001

 Pepper

12.36 ± 2.69

7.17 ± 2.71

<  0.001

 Onion

32.53 ± 3.17

24.81 ± 3.20

0.001

 Garlic

2.09 ± 0.51

1.89 ± 0.51

0.006

 Green/Black tea

824.39 ± 56.80

754.70 ± 57.34

0.578

 Caffeine

182.46 ± 11.89

162.47 ± 11.98

0.477