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Table 3 Baseline characteristics according to LCA-derived classes

From: A latent class analysis of dietary behaviours associated with metabolic syndrome: a retrospective observational cross-sectional study

 

Class 1

Class 2

Class 3

Healthy but unbalanced eaters

Irregular, unhealthy eaters

Emotional eaters

n

118

88

53

Age, years

50.8 (10.0)

46.5 (9.8)

42.6 (9.7)

Sex

 Male

76 (64)

65 (74)

22 (42)

 Female

42 (36)

23 (26)

31 (58)

Underlying disease

 Hypertension

38 (42)

33 (65)

10 (28)

 Diabetes

16 (20)

9 (18)

4 (18)

 Hyperlipidaemia

28 (33)

29 (45)

15 (47)

 Depression

13 (11)

13 (15)

7 (13)

Body Mass Index, kg/m2

27.2 (3.5)

28.0 (3.5)

30.7 (4.1)

Body fat percentage

29.5 (6.6)

28.9 (6.5)

34.8 (7.2)

Waist circumference, cm

93.8 (8.5)

95.2 (8.4)

99.5 (10.0)

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg

119.3 (14.2)

120.8 (15.4)

124.1 (14.9)

Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

71.6 (10.0)

72.5 (11.5)

72.9 (8.9)

Education, n (%)

 High school

52 (44)

33 (38)

18 (34)

 More than college

66 (56)

55 (63)

35 (66)

Income per month, n (%)

 Less than 8000 USD

42 (38)

20 (25)

8 (17)

 More than 8000 USD

70 (63)

60 (75)

39 (83)

Smoking, n (%)

 No

46 (43)

29 (37)

28 (65)

 Ex

35 (33)

24 (31)

7 (16)

 Yes

26 (24)

25 (32)

8 (19)

Drinking, n (%)

 No

37 (32)

27 (31)

23 (45)

 Yes

77 (68)

59 (69)

28 (55)

Exercise, n (%)

 Regular

75 (69)

60 (71)

45 (87)

 None

34 (31)

24 (29)

7 (13)

Clinical laboratory findings

 FBS, mg/dL

102.4 (26.8)

102.0 (22.7)

100.4 (35.0)

 HbA1c, %

5.9 (0.9)

5.9 (0.9)

5.9 (1.1)

 Total cholesterol, mg/dL

201.3 (38.9)

194.2 (35.0)

198.6 (45.0)

 TG, mg/dL

153.0 (100.4)

158.2 (96.0)

152.1 (111.6)

 HDL cholesterol, mg/dL

50.8 (13.2)

49.3 (10.4)

49.2 (11.3)

 LDL cholesterol, mg/dL

124.3 (32.1)

118.4 (30.3)

122.3 (36.0)

 eGFR, mL/min

94.7 (17.5)

97.9 (18.9)

105.3 (19.5)

 AST, mg/dL

33.2 (26.8)

35.1 (38.8)

29.4 (14.1)

 ALT, mg/dL

40.9 (35.8)

48.8 (52.4)

41.7 (27.9)

 GGT, mg/dL

47.4 (42.5)

59.0 (50.2)

41.1 (25.4)

 Metabolic syndrome, n (%)

37 (32)

25 (32)

21 (49)

  1. AST aspartate transaminase, ALT alanine transaminase, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, FBS fasting blood glucose, GGT gamma glutamyl transferase, HbA1C glycated haemoglobin, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, TG triglycerides