Table 2 Data values extracted from the included eight studies on Diet Quality: β (Beta coefficients), r (correlation coefficient), OR (Odd Ratio), ↑ (increase), ↓ (decrease), <= > (no association)
Author, Year | Stress Assessment Tool | Diet Quality Index | Association between Stress and Diet Quality | β coefficient, r, or OR |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Richardson et al. 2015 [39] | - 14-item Perceived Stress Scale | - Healthy Eating Index 2010 | <=> | β = − 0.18 (S.E 0.10, p = 0.08) |
Ferranti et al. 2013 [10] | - 14-item Perceived Stress Scale - Beck Depression Inventory II | - Alternate Healthy Eating Index - Mediterranean Diet Index - Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension Index | <=> | Not reported |
Isasi et al. 2015 [40] | - 10-item Perceived Stress Scale - 8-item Chronic stress burden | - Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 | ↓ | β = − 0.61 (− 1.18 to − 0.03) |
El Ansari et al. 2015 [41] | - 4-item Perceived Stress Scale | - Dietary Guideline Adherence Index | <=> | r = 0.00, p = 0.98 β = 0.00 (− 0.13 to 0.13) |
Valipour et al. 2017 [42] | - 12-item General Health Questionnaire | - Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension Index | <=> | OR: 1.02 (0.78–1.33) |
Fowles et al. 2012 [43] | - Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale - Prenatal Psychosocial Profile-stress subscale | - Dietary Quality Index- Pregnancy | ↓ | r = −0.35, p is not reported |
Fowles et al. 2011 [44] | - Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale - Prenatal Psychosocial Profile-stress subscale | - Dietary Quality Index- Pregnancy | ↓ | r = − 0.293, p < 0.01 |
Widaman et al. 2016 [45] | - Wheaton Chronic Stress Inventory | - Healthy Eating Index 2010 | ↓ in breakfast skippers <= > in breakfast eaters | Empty calories (r = − 0.392, p = 0.027) Empty calories (r = − 0.104, p = 0.53) |