Quartiles | Â | Crude model | Multivariable modela |
---|
 | n | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI |
---|
Fruit |
 Category Ab | 6266 | Reference |  | Reference |  |
 Category Bc | 2539 | 1.03 | 0.85–1.25 | 1.03 | 0.85–1.26 |
 Category Cd | 2539 | 0.78 | 0.63–0.96 | 0.81 | 0.65–1.00 |
 Category De | 6266 | 0.88 | 0.76–1.03 | 0.90 | 0.77–1.06 |
Vegetables |
 Category Ab | 6348 | Reference |  | Reference |  |
 Category Bc | 2457 | 0.95 | 0.77–1.17 | 0.95 | 0.77–1.17 |
 Category Cd | 2457 | 0.98 | 0.79–1.20 | 1.03 | 0.83–1.27 |
 Category De | 6348 | 0.96 | 0.82–1.12 | 0.99 | 0.83–1.17 |
- aAdjusted for maternal age (continuous variable), pre-pregnancy BMI (< 18.5; 18.5 to 25.0; ≥25.0 kg/m2), parity (never; one or more), educational attainment (high school graduate or less; junior college or vocational college graduate; university graduate or above; others), household income (< 4,000,000; 4,000,000-5,999,999; ≥ 6,000,000 Japanese Yen/year), cigarette smoking (never; stop before pregnancy; stop after pregnancy; current), alcohol drinking (never; former; current), folic acid supplementation during pregnancy (yes vs. no), changes in fruit, vegetable, meat, fish, grain, potato, bean, and daily product consumption (category A; B; C; D) except for the exposures
- bWomen whose answers to the first and second FFQs were in the first or second quartile
- cWomen whose answers to the first FFQ comprised the first or second quartile and whose responses to the second FFQ were in the third or fourth quartile
- dWomen whose answers to the first FFQ were in the third or fourth quartile and whose responses to the second FFQ were the first or second quartile
- eWomen whose answers to the first and second FFQs were in both the third or fourth quartile
- All dietary consumption was energy-adjusted using the residual method
- BMI Body mass index; FFQ Food frequency questionnaire; LBW Low birth weight; 95% CI 95% confidence interval; OR Odds ratio