Table 2 The general characteristics of study participants across quartiles of the major dietary pattern scores
From: Association between dietary patterns and prediabetes risk in a middle-aged Chinese population
| Traditional southern Chinese pattern score | P | Western pattern score | P | Grains-vegetables pattern score | P | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Q1 (lowest) (n = 440) |
Q4 (highest) (n = 441) |
Q1 (lowest) (n = 440) |
Q4 (highest) (n = 440) |
Q1 (lowest) (n = 441) |
Q4 (highest) (n = 440) | ||||
| Age (y) | 51.6 ± 4.4 | 50.4 ± 4.3 | 0.252 | 51.7 ± 4.6 | 49.8 ± 4.3 | < 0.01 | 50.3 ± 4.5 | 51.9 ± 4.7 | < 0.05 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.37 ± 2.96 | 24.99 ± 2.58 | 0.355 | 24.22 ± 2.67 | 25.24 ± 3.07 | < 0.05 | 25.06 ± 2.57 | 24.13 ± 2.46 | < 0.05 |
| WC (cm) | 84.55 ± 8.74 | 85.16 ± 8.12 | 0.411 | 84.30 ± 9.01 | 88.04 ± 8.62 | < 0.01 | 87.10 ± 8.24 | 82.59 ± 8.80 | < 0.01 |
| WHR | 0.87 ± 0.05 | 0.88 ± 0.06 | 0.564 | 0.87 ± 0.07 | 0.89 ± 0.06 | < 0.05 | 0.88 ± 0.05 | 0.86 ± 0.08 | < 0.05 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 5.24 ± 0.63 | 5.35 ± 0.70 | 0.07 | 5.09 ± 0.80 | 5.81 ± 0.71 | < 0.01 | 5.76 ± 0.84 | 5.37 ± 0.71 | < 0.01 |
| 2-h glucose (mmol/L) | 7.31 ± 0.91 | 7.08 ± 0.88 | < 0.05 | 7.00 ± 0.98 | 7.72 ± 1.12 | < 0.001 | 7.65 ± 1.03 | 7.29 ± 0.95 | < 0.01 |
| Obesity (%) | 72 (16.4) | 62 (14.1) | 0.341 | 52 (11.8) | 83 (18.9) | < 0.01 | 74 (16.8) | 46 (10.5) | < 0.01 |
| Hypertension (%) | 127 (28.9) | 159 (36.1) | < 0.05 | 104 (23.6) | 144 (32.7) | < 0.01 | 135 (30.6) | 108 (24.5) | < 0.05 |
| Prediabete(%) | 85 (19.3) | 75 (17.0) | 0.374 | 70 (15.9) | 102 (23.2) | < 0.01 | 97 (22.0) | 62 (14.1) | < 0.01 |
| Gender (%) | < 0.001 | < 0.05 | < 0.001 | ||||||
| Female | 138 (31.4) | 217 (49.2) | 202 (45.9) | 165 (37.5) | 168 (38.1) | 270 (61.4) | |||
| Male | 302 (68.6) | 224 (50.8) | 238 (54.1) | 275 (62.5) | 273 (61.9) | 170 (38.6) | |||
| Smoking status (%) | < 0.001 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | ||||||
| Never | 362 (82.3) | 322 (73.0) | 325 (73.9) | 300 (68.2) | 340 (77.1) | 380 (86.4) | |||
| Current | 65 (14.7) | 111 (25.2) | 72 (16.3) | 113 (25.7) | 73 (16.6) | 38 (8.6) | |||
| Former | 13 (3.0) | 8 (1.8) | 43 (9.8) | 27 (6.1) | 28 (6.3) | 22 (5.0) | |||
| Education (%) | 0.125 | < 0.01 | 0.112 | ||||||
| Primary school or below | 151 (34.3) | 176 (39.9) | 136 (30.9) | 164 (37.3) | 170 (38.5) | 162 (36.8) | |||
| Middle and high school | 257 (58.4) | 243 (55.1) | 277 (63.0) | 230 (52.3) | 228 (51.7) | 250 (56.8) | |||
| Junior college or above | 32 (7.3) | 22 (5.0) | 27 (6.1) | 46 (10.5) | 43 (9.8) | 28 (6.4) | |||
| The average monthly income per person(%) | 0.084 | 0.153 | < 0.01 | ||||||
| < 2000(RMB) | 179 (40.7) | 209 (47.4) | 194 (44.1) | 172 (49.1) | 171 (38.8) | 220 (50.0) | |||
| 2000–4000(RMB) | 218 (49.5) | 186 (42.2) | 205 (46.6) | 212 (48.2) | 202 (45.8) | 170 (38.6) | |||
| > 4000(RMB) | 43 (9.8) | 46 (10.4) | 41 (9.3) | 56 (12.7) | 68 (15.4) | 50 (11.4) | |||
| Physical activity (%) | 0.879 | 0.203 | < 0.05 | ||||||
| Light | 356 (80.9) | 351 (79.6) | 345 (78.4) | 364 (82.7) | 349 (79.1) | 346 (78.6) | |||
| Moderate | 66 (15.0) | 70 (15.9) | 61 (13.9) | 53 (12.1) | 78 (17.7) | 64 (14.6) | |||
| Heavy | 18 (4.1) | 20 (4.5) | 34 (7.7) | 23 (5.2) | 14 (3.2) | 30 (6.8) | |||
| Total energy (kcal/d) | 2179.4 ± 148.5 | 1866.1 ± 156.3 | < 0.001 | 1906.5 ± 162.6 | 2263.0 ± 185.2 | < 0.001 | 2119.6 ± 157.4 | 1892.8 ± 195.1 | < 0.01 |