Table 2 Subgroup analyses of mean change in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglyceride
Subgroup | Change in total cholesterol | Change in LDL cholesterol | Change in HDL cholesterol | Change in Triglyceride | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trials (n) | Net change (95% CI) (mg/dl) | I2 | Trials (n) | Net change (95% CI) (mg/dl) | I2 | Trials (n) | Net change (95% CI) (mg/dl) | I2 | Trials (n) | Net change (95%CI) (mg/dl) | I2 | |
Type of intervention | ||||||||||||
 Green tea beverage | 9 | −2.80(−5.43, −0.16) | 10% | 8 | −2.61(− 5.49, 0.27) | 0% | 8 | − 0.84(− 1.74, 0.06) | 17% | 9 | − 0.77(− 12.15, 10.61) | 42% |
 Green tea capsule | 22 | −5.41(−7.46, −3.37) | 21% | 21 | − 5.28(− 7.44, − 3.12) | 36% | 21 | 0.73(− 0.07, 1.54) | 25% | 20 | − 4.62(− 10.52, 1.27) | 62% |
Duration | ||||||||||||
  ≥ 12 weeks | 15 | −5.59(−8.66, − 2.51) | 23% | 14 | − 4.04(− 7.13, − 0.94) | 39% | 15 | 0.92(− 0.12, 1.96) | 39% | 15 | −9.03(− 17.92, − 0.15) | 72% |
  < 12 weeks | 16 | − 4.05(− 6.05, − 2.06) | 21% | 15 | − 4.91(− 7.06, − 2.75) | 20% | 14 | − 0.42(− 1.26, 0.41) | 20% | 14 | 0.77(− 3.83, 5.36) | 3% |
Country | ||||||||||||
 Western | 16 | − 4.79(− 6.89, − 2.70) | 24% | 14 | −5.07(− 7.25, − 2.89) | 23% | 14 | −0.25(− 1.18, 0.68) | 43% | 13 | − 3.11(− 10.72, 4.49) | 66% |
 Asian | 15 | −4.50(− 7.58, − 1.43) | 27% | 15 | −3.98(− 6.87, − 1.09) | 34% | 15 | 0.79(− 0.13, 1.71) | 12% | 16 | −4.52(− 11.50, 2.46) | 42% |
Catechins dose | ||||||||||||
  ≥ 642 mg/dl | 16 | −4.44(− 6.52, − 2.36) | 22% | 15 | −3.53(− 6.14, − 0.92) | 36% | 16 | −0.34(− 1.23, 0.55) | 26% | 15 | −1.89(− 7.70, 3.93) | 41% |
  < 642 mg/dl | 15 | −5.14(− 8.17, − 2.11) | 29% | 14 | −5.52(− 7.93, − 3.10) | 20% | 13 | 0.92(− 0.11, 1.95) | 39% | 14 | −5.75(− 14.99, 3.49) | 66% |
Caffeine | ||||||||||||
 With caffeine | 12 | −4.28(− 7.61, − 0.96) | 0% | 9 | − 2.33(− 5.69, 1.04) | 16% | 10 | −0.11(− 0.90, 0.68) | 0% | 11 | − 1.20(− 10.48, 8.08) | 42% |
 Without caffeine | 13 | −4.27(− 6.44, − 2.10) | 42% | 14 | −4.81(− 7.04, − 2.57) | 38% | 12 | −0.17(−1.16, 0.82) | 43% | 11 | −1.18(− 8.07, 5.71) | 57% |
unclear | 6 | −8.17(−13.84, − 2.49) | 12% | 6 | −8.15(−13.08, −3.22) | 0% | 7 | 1.72(0.00, 3.44) | 29% | 7 | −11.22(−22.82, 0.38) | 60% |
Study design | ||||||||||||
 Parallel | 28 | −5.04(− 7.03, −3.04) | 29% | 26 | −4.64(− 6.63, −2.64) | 34% | 26 | 0.37(−0.38, 1.11) | 40% | 26 | −4.47(− 10.10, 1.15) | 60% |
 Crossover | 3 | −2.98(− 6.11, 0.15) | 0% | 3 | −4.07(− 7.88, −0.26) | 0% | 3 | −0.56(− 2.34, 1.22) | 0% | 3 | 1.03(−9.02, 11.08) | 0% |
Health status | ||||||||||||
 Overweight or obese | 19 | −3.86(−6.11, −1.61) | 19% | 18 | −3.97(−6.75, − 1.18) | 39% | 19 | 0.34(−0.62, 1.30) | 49% | 18 | −7.63(−15.53, 0.28) | 58% |
 Normal weight | 12 | −5.59(−8.07, −3.10) | 22% | 11 | −5.46(−7.23, −3.69) | 0% | 10 | 0.17(−0.73, 1.08) | 0% | 11 | 2.56(−1.57, 6.69) | 7% |
Study Bias | ||||||||||||
 Low risk | 9 | −5.13(−9.15, −1.11) | 41% | 9 | −4.49 (−7.64, −1.34) | 33% | 9 | 0.12(−0.90, 1.15) | 0% | 8 | 1.23(−9.66, 12.13) | 59% |
 Some concerns | 2 | −2.77(−6.27, 0.74) | 0% | 2 | −4.67(−9.59, 0.25) | 0% | 2 | −1.07(−4.30, 2.15) | 0% | 2 | −0.60(−10.78, 9.57) | 0% |
 High risk | 20 | −4.53(−6.66, −2.41) | 18% | 18 | −4.56 (−7.07, −2.05) | 36% | 18 | 0.39(−0.55, 1.33) | 50% | 19 | −6.33(−12.83, 0.16) | 54% |