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Table 3 Caregiver reported macro- and micronutrient intake compared with Nutrient Reference Values for children aged 6–36 months from a remote Aboriginal community in Northern Australia, excluding intake from milk feeds

From: Dietary intake of Aboriginal Australian children aged 6–36 months in a remote community: a cross-sectional study

 

< 12 months (n = 12)

1–3 years (n = 28)

Nutrient

Average intake from 24-h recalls,

mean, SD or median (IQR)

Average intake from 24-h recalls,

mean, SD or median (IQR)

EARa

RDIb or AIc

(/day)

Energy (kJ) (excluding milk feeds)

1607.49, 830.02

2982.86 (2124.72, 3684.88)

3200 kJ-5600d

Protein (g)

18.93, 10.25

38.21 (25.67, 46.45)

12.00

14.00

Carbohydrate (g)

48.59, 24.25

75.86 (61.41, 113.42)

–

NP

Dietary fats

11.35, 7.04

25.26 (15.44, 34.75)

  

Saturated (g)

4.78, 2.8

10.89 (6.84, 13.30)

 

-

Monounsaturated (g)

4.27 (1.41, 5.77)

9.12 (4.38, 14.08)

 

-

Polyunsaturated (g)

1.20 (0.63, 2.20)

2.73 (1.81, 3.80)

 

-

A-linolenic acid (n-3)

0.15 (0.08, 0.22)

0.29 (0.18, 0.40)

 

-

(g)

0.96 (0.46, 1.83)

2.33 (1.50, 3.25)

 

5.00

Linoleic acid (n-6) (g)

16.65 (2.66, 33.47)

8.63 (2.39, 31.90)

 

-

EPA (mg)

13.48 (5.46, 14.69)

19.57 (9.50, 38.39)

 

-

DPA (mg)

28.47 (15.64, 47.20)

14.15 (3.70, 39.67)

 

-

DHA (mg)

210.63, 128.22

414.95 (299.88, 722.91)

 

-

Trans-fatty acids (mg)

    

Dietary fibre (g)

5.16, 3.11

8.93 (5.49, 11.75)

–

14.00

Thiamin (mg)

0.51 (0.30, 0.89)

0.95 (0.67, 1.35)

0.40

0.50

Riboflavin (mg)

0.74 (0.37, 0.86)

1.12 (0.80, 1.50)

0.40

0.50

Niacin equiv. (mg)

5.15, 2.48

10.15 (6.68, 15.14)

5.00

6.00

Vitamin B6 (mg)

0.31 (0.13, 0.42)

0.61, 0.36

0.40

0.50

Vitamin B12 (μg)

1.78, 1.14

2.13 (1.45, 3.11)

0.70

0.90

Folate equiv. (μg)

130.34 (61.58, 211.39)

235.87 (168.35, 348.42)

120.00

150.00

Vitamin A (μg)

131.40 (70.09, 279.24)

249.68 (135.66, 389.27)

210.00

300.00

Vitamin C (mg)

19.39 (1.48, 41.09)

47.38 (13.05, 93.19)

25.00

35.00

Calcium (mg)

190.67 (89.84, 267.30)

260.01 (205.44, 377.62)

360.00

500.00

Zinc (mg)

3.23 (1.95, 6.56)e

5.21 (4.57, 9.71)

2.50

3.00

Iron (mg)

3.87, 2.54f

6.26 (4.67, 8.66)

4.00

9.00

Magnesium (mg)

70.23 (48.45, 90.99)

117.27 (81.12, 158.42)

65.00

80.00

Iodine (μg)

42.83 (25.88, 72.73)

52.54 (34.33, 89.60)

65.00

90.00

Sodium (mg)

290.74 (207.94, 428.01)

585.70 (444.40, 895.70)

–

200–400.00

Potassium (mg)

609.80, 300.20

1015.28 (730.31, 1549.45)

–

2000.00

Selenium (μg)

23.14 (12.98, 30.15)

40.60 (25.53, 44.48)

20.00

25.00

Vitamin E equiv. (mg)

1.57 (0.65, 2.36)

3.87, 2.16

–

5.00

  1. aEAR, estimated average requirement. Defined as ‘a daily nutrient level estimated to meet the requirements of half the healthy individuals a particular life stage and gender group’ [29]
  2. bRDI, recommended dietary intake. Defined as ‘the average daily dietary intake level that is sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97–98%) healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group [29]
  3. cAI, adequate intake. ‘Defined as ‘the average daily nutrient intake level based on observed or experimentally-determined approximations or estimates of nutrient intake by a group (or groups) of apparently healthy people that are assumed to be adequate’ [29]
  4. dThis is an estimated energy requirement based on light physical activity for the age group 12 months – 3 years
  5. eThe EAR for infants < 12 months for zinc is 2.5 mg, and the RDI is 3 mg
  6. fThe EAR for infants < 12 months for iron is 7 mg, and the RDI is 11 mg
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Nutrition Journal

ISSN: 1475-2891

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