Regional and socioeconomic variations in dietary patterns in a representative sample of young polish females: a cross-sectional study (GEBaHealth project)

Czarnocinska, Jolanta; Wadolowska, Lidia; Lonnie, Marta; Kowalkowska, Joanna; Jezewska-Zychowicz, Marzena; Babicz-Zielinska, Ewa

doi:10.1186/s12937-020-00546-8

Table 3 Adjusted ^a odds ratios (95% Confidence intervals) for country region and family socioeconomic status (SES) by tertiles of dietary patterns

From: Regional and socioeconomic variations in dietary patterns in a representative sample of young polish females: a cross-sectional study (GEBaHealth project)

Variables	Bottom tertile	‘Traditional Polish’		‘Fruit and vegetables’		‘Fast food and sweets’		‘Dairy and fats’
Variables	Bottom tertile	Upper tertile	P	Upper tertile	P	Upper tertile	P	Upper tertile	P
Region ^b
East	Ref.	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
North		2.02 (1.26–3.25)	0.0036	1.35 (0.84–2.15)	0.2136	1.94 (1.20–3.15)	0.0070	2.05 (1.25–3.36)	0.0044
North-West		2.07 (1.28–3.32)	0.0027	0.79 (0.49–1.27)	0.3275	1.04 (0.65–1.66)	0.8815	1.16 (0.73–1.85)	0.5342
South		2.53 (1.60–4.01)	< 0.0001	1.71 (1.10–2.67)	0.0178	0.98 (0.63–1.53)	0.9424	1.41 (0.91–2.19)	0.1214
South-West		1.42 (0.82–2.46)	0.2139	1.81 (1.06–3.11)	0.0290	1.21 (0.70–2.10)	0.4856	1.54 (0.88–2.69)	0.1321
Central		2.24 (1.41–3.58)	0.0007	1.44 (0.92–2.25)	0.1131	1.19 (0.76–1.87)	0.4441	1.03 (0.66–1.61)	0.9046
North	Ref.	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
East		0.50 (0.31–0.80)	0.0041	0.75 (0.47–1.19)	0.2172	0.52 (0.32–0.84)	0.0070	0.50 (0.31–0.82)	0.0056
North-West		1.10 (0.68–1.77)	0.6915	0.61 (0.37–1.00)	0.0495	0.52 (0.32–0.85)	0.0087	0.60 (0.36–0.99)	0.0446
South		1.27 (0.80–2.02)	0.3087	1.30 (0.82–2.07)	0.2601	0.48 (0.30–0.77)	0.0021	0.73 (0.46–1.18)	0.1958
South-West		0.79 (0.46–1.36)	0.3851	1.30 (0.76–2.24)	0.3341	0.63 (0.36–1.11)	0.1075	0.75 (0.42–1.36)	0.3440
Central		1.10 (0.68–1.76)	0.7011	1.04 (0.65–1.67)	0.8649	0.61 (0.38–0.99)	0.0445	0.54 (0.33–0.88)	0.0123
North-West	Ref.	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
East		0.48 (0.30–0.78)	0.0027	1.28 (0.79–2.07)	0.3177	0.96 (0.60–1.54)	0.8808	0.86 (0.54–1.37)	0.5233
North		0.91 (0.57–1.46)	0.6915	1.64 (1.00–2.69)	0.0496	1.93 (1.18–3.17)	0.0087	1.67 (1.01–2.77)	0.0446
South		1.14 (0.72–1.80)	0.5761	2.23 (1.38–3.61)	0.0011	0.92 (0.58–1.46)	0.7245	1.21 (0.77–1.90)	0.4016
South-West		0.74 (0.43–1.27)	0.2756	2.10 (1.20–3.65)	0.0085	1.24 (0.71–2.15)	0.4491	1.35 (0.77–2.37)	0.2910
Central		1.01 (0.64–1.61)	0.9553	1.69 (1.05–2.73)	0.0300	1.20 (0.75–1.93)	0.4379	0.89 (0.56–1.41)	0.6066
South	Ref.	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
East		0.40 (0.25–0.63)	< 0.0001	0.59 (0.38–0.92)	0.0184	1.02 (0.66–1.58)	0.9315	0.73 (0.47–1.12)	0.1499
North		0.79 (0.49–1.25)	0.3088	0.77 (0.48–1.22)	0.2600	2.10 (1.31–3.36)	0.0021	1.36 (0.85–2.19)	0.1957
North-West		0.88 (0.55–1.39)	0.5763	0.45 (0.28–0.73)	0.0011	1.09 (0.69–1.72)	0.7247	0.83 (0.53–1.29)	0.4016
South-West		0.63 (0.37–1.07)	0.0871	0.98 (0.57–1.69)	0.9513	1.35 (0.79–2.31)	0.2685	1.04 (0.61–1.78)	0.8762
Central		0.85 (0.54–1.34)	0.4849	0.80 (0.51–1.25)	0.3215	1.26 (0.81–1.97)	0.2989	0.74 (0.48–1.14)	0.1683
South-West	Ref.	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
East		0.71 (0.41–1.23)	0.2140	0.56 (0.33–0.97)	0.0369	0.83 (0.48–1.44)	0.5012	0.66 (0.38–1.16)	0.1494
North		1.27 (0.74–2.19)	0.3850	0.77 (0.45–1.32)	0.3342	1.59 (0.90–2.79)	0.1068	1.33 (0.74–2.39)	0.3440
North-West		1.35 (0.79–2.31)	0.2757	0.48 (0.27–0.83)	0.0085	0.81 (0.47–1.40)	0.4491	0.74 (0.42–1.30)	0.2910
South		1.58 (0.93–2.69)	0.0863	1.02 (0.60–1.72)	0.9501	0.74 (0.43–1.26)	0.2685	0.96 (0.56–1.64)	0.8767
Central		1.50 (0.87–2.60)	0.1452	0.76 (0.45–1.30)	0.3186	1.00 (0.67–1.49)	0.9872	0.67 (0.39–1.16)	0.1516
Central	Ref.	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
East		0.45 (0.28–0.72)	0.0008	0.69 (0.44–1.09)	0.1098	0.84 (0.54–1.32)	0.4528	0.98 (0.62–1.53)	0.9238
North		0.91 (0.57–1.47)	0.7017	0.96 (0.60–1.53)	0.8644	1.63 (1.01–2.63)	0.0445	1.86 (1.14–3.02)	0.0123
North-West		0.99 (0.60–1.62)	0.9580	0.59 (0.37–0.95)	0.0300	0.83 (0.52–1.33)	0.4379	1.13 (0.71–1.79)	0.6066
South		1.18 (0.75–1.85)	0.4850	1.25 (0.80–1.95)	0.3215	0.79 (0.51–1.23)	0.2989	1.36 (0.88–2.09)	0.1682
South-West		0.67 (0.39–1.15)	0.1452	1.31 (0.77–2.22)	0.3186	1.00 (0.56–1.80)	0.9911	1.48 (0.86–2.55)	0.1516
SES index ^c
low	Ref.	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
average		0.58 (0.41–0.81)	0.0014	1.88 (1.34–2.64)	0.0003	0.87 (0.62–1.22)	0.4263	1.20 (0.85–1.69)	0.2935
high		0.27 (0.19–0.39)	< 0.0001	2.06 (1.47–2.88)	< 0.0001	0.94 (0.68–1.31)	0.7150	0.88 (0.63–1.21)	0.4231

Notes: Sample size may vary in each variables due to missing data; All data adjusted for sample weights; ^a Odds ratios adjusted for age (years) and BMI (as categorical variable according to IOTF standards [37]), for girls 13–18 years old according to age-sex-specific BMI cut-offs, for girls > 18 years old according to cut-offs for girls at age 18); ^b Regions of Poland ranked by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) from less to more wealthy: East GDP = 69.7, North GDP = 84.8, North-West GDP = 95.1, South GDP = 98.8, South-West GDP = 104.8, Central GDP = 140.4, Poland GDP = 100 [24]; ^c SES index categories based on tertile distribution; P – significance level of the Wald’s test. Significant odds ratios are bolded

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