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Table 8 Micronutrient intake among adolescents (12–19.9 years) (n = 495)*

From: Sex disparities in dietary intake across the lifespan: the case of Lebanon

 

Total

(n = 495)

Males

(n = 244)

Females

(n = 251)

p-value

Calcium (mg)

 Mean ± SE

634.28 ± 16.98

745.03 ± 24.55

523.52 ± 24.0

< 0.001

 Below 2/3rd RDA, n (%)

377 (76.2)

160 (65.6)

217 (86.5)

< 0.001

Iron (mg)

 Mean ± SE

10.96 ± 0.31

12.64 ± 0.44

9.28 ± 0.43

< 0.001

 Below 2/3rd RDA, n (%)

185 (37.4)

41 (16.8)

144 (57.4)

< 0.001

Zinc (mg)

 Mean ± SE

8.65 ± 0.22

10.13 ± 0.32

7.18 ± 0.31

< 0.001

 Below 2/3rd RDA, n (%)

141 (28.5)

45 (18.5)

96 (38.2)

< 0.001

Vitamin A (RAE, μg)

 Mean ± SE

882.63 ± 102.14

1118.0 ± 147.67

647.35 ± 144.31

0.025

 Below 2/3rd RDA, n (%)

315 (63.8)

156 (64.2)

159 (63.3)

0.844

Vitamin C (mg)

 Mean ± SE

81.68 ± 3.1

85.83 ± 4.49

77.52 ± 4.38

0.190

 Below 2/3rd RDA, n (%)

161 (32.7)

77 (31.7)

84 (33.7)

0.629

Vitamin B12 (μg)

 Mean ± SE

4.35 ± 0.56

6.14 ± 0.82

2.57 ± 0.8

0.002

 Below 2/3rd RDA, n (%)

198 (40)

71 (29.1)

127 (50.6)

< 0.001

  1. Abbreviations: μg micrograms; mg milligrams; RAE Retinol Activity Equivalents; RDA Recommended Daily Allowance; SE standard error;
  2. * Only including participants with completed dietary intake, and excluding those with Kcal outliers
  3. For the analysis pertinent to the mean intake: Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed after adjusting for age and governorates. For chi-square analysis: No controlling for covariates was made
  4. Bolded numbers are significant at p < 0.05