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Table 7 Daily food consumption (% EI) contributed by food groups according to gender, among adolescents (12–19.9 years) (n = 476)*

From: Sex disparities in dietary intake across the lifespan: the case of Lebanon

 

Total

(n = 476)

Males

(n = 235)

Females

(n = 241)

p-value

 

Mean %EI ± SE

 

Bread

16.0 ± 0.58

17.31 ± 0.84

14.68 ± 0.83

0.028

Cereals

15.87 ± 0.88

17.52 ± 1.27

14.23 ± 1.25

0.069

Legumes

2.71 ± 0.39

2.43 ± 0.57

2.98 ± 0.56

0.491

Starchy Vegetables

4.70 ± 0.34

4.20 ± 0.48

5.21 ± 0.48

0.145

Vegetables

5.64 ± 0.44

4.99 ± 0.63

6.30 ± 0.63

0.148

Chips & Salty Crackers

3.79 ± 0.35

3.12 ± 0.50

4.46 ± 0.49

0.059

Nuts & Seeds

1.80 ± 0.34

0.91 ± 0.48

2.67 ± 0.48

0.010

Dairy Products

 Milk

1.06 ± 0.14

0.82 ± 0.21

1.29 ± 0.20

0.102

 Milk Derivatives

6.22 ± 0.38

6.13 ± 0.54

6.30 ± 0.54

0.825

 Milk Sweetened

0.11 ± 0.05

0.12 ± 0.07

0.10 ± 0.07

0.821

Meat, Processed Meat, Poultry, Fish, Eggs

 Red Meat

4.92 ± 0.46

5.81 ± 0.66

4.04 ± 0.66

0.061

 Processed Meat

1.45 ± 0.24

2.04 ± 0.34

0.86 ± 0.34

0.015

 Poultry

4.27 ± 0.46

3.91 ± 0.66

4.63 ± 0.65

0.441

 Fish

0.86 ± 0.25

1.06 ± 0.36

0.66 ± 0.35

0.424

 Eggs

0.95 ± 0.20

1.13 ± 0.28

0.77 ± 0.28

0.370

Fruits, Total

 Whole Fruits

3.16 ± 0.26

2.36 ± 0.38

3.97 ± 0.37

0.003

 Fresh Juices (100% fruit juices)

0.13 ± 0.05

0.08 ± 0.07

0.17 ± 0.07

0.371

Sweets & Added Sugars

 Sweets

8.98 ± 0.58

7.69 ± 0.83

10.26 ± 0.82

0.030

 Added Sugars, Jams, Honey, Molasses

1.54 ± 0.14

1.47 ± 0.20

1.61 ± 0.20

0.617

Sugar Sweetened Beverages

6.58 ± 0.32

6.99 ± 0.46

6.17 ± 0.45

0.202

Hot Beverages (Coffee, Tea)

0.13 ± 0.02

0.15 ± 0.03

0.12 ± 0.03

0.562

Alcoholic Beverages

0.24 ± 0.09

0.27 ± 0.14

0.22 ± 0.13

0.814

Added Fats & Oils

4.63 ± 0.32

4.14 ± 0.46

5.12 ± 0.45

0.133

Fast Food

3.35 ± 0.46

4.54 ± 0.66

2.15 ± 0.65

0.011

Miscellaneous

0.93 ± 0.11

0.81 ± 0.16

1.05 ± 0.16

0.298

  1. Abbreviations: EI energy intake; SE standard error
  2. * Only including participants with completed dietary intake, and excluding those with Kcal outliers
  3. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed after adjusting for age and governorates
  4. Bolded numbers are significant at p < 0.05