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Table 1 Trends in age- and sex-standardized proportions of frequent, occasional and non-consumption of non-alcoholic beverages among adults in Germany (%, 95-CI) a

From: Time trends of non-alcoholic beverage consumption among adults in Germany, 1990–2011

Consumption frequency b

EWc

GNHIES98c

DEGSc

absolute difference (%)

p trend d

1990–1992

1997–1999

2008–2011

1990–2011

 

%

95%-CI

%

95%-CI

%

95%-CI

%

95%-CI

Fruit and vegetable juice

 n

7425

5657

5287

  

 Frequent

21.9

20.8–23.0

23.0

21.7–24.3

27.2

25.6–29.0

+ 5.3

< 0.0001

 Occasional -

67.7

66.5–68.8

58.9

57.3–60.5

57.0

55.5–58.5

−10.7

< 0.0001

 None

10.5

9.6–11.4

18.1

16.8–19.6

15.8

14.6–17.1

+ 5.3

< 0.0001

Soft drinks

 n

7451

5680

5290

  

 Frequent

10.0

9.0–11.1

19.4

17.8–21.0

18.7

17.3–20.3

+ 8.7

< 0.0001

 Occasional -

40.8

39.3–42.4

47.1

45.4–48.8

47.3

45.5–49.1

+ 6.5

< 0.0001

 None

49.1

47.4–50.9

33.6

31.9–35.3

34.0

32.4–35.6

−15.1

< 0.0001

Water

 n

7462

5680

5290

  

 Frequent

59.1

56.8–61.4

76.1

74.3–77.7

87.6

86.2–88.9

+ 28.5

< 0.0001

 Occasional -

33.9

32.3–35.6

19.5

18.2–20.8

10.5

9.3–11.8

−23.4

< 0.0001

 None

7.0

6.0–8.0

4.5

3.8–5.3

1.9

1.5–2.4

−5.1

< 0.0001

Coffee

 n

7461

5678

5296

  

 Frequent

80.6

79.1–82.0

74.9

73.3–76.5

81.2

79.8–82.6

+ 0.6

< 0.0001

 Occasional -

14.6

13.4–15.8

14.4

13.3–15.6

11.6

10.5–12.7

−3.0

0.0002

 None

4.9

4.3–5.5

10.7

9.6–11.8

7.2

6.3–8.1

+ 2.3

< 0.0001

Teae

 n

7440

  

5220

  

 Frequent

32.2

30.3–34.2

  

39.2

36.9–41.5

+ 7.0

< 0.0001

 Occasional -

54.5

52.8–56.2

  

40.4

38.8–42.1

−14.1

< 0.0001

 None

13.3

12.2–14.5

  

20.4

18.7–22.2

+ 7.1

< 0.0001

  1. aAll data are weighted to the German population as of 31.12.2010
  2. bNone (never); occasional intake (answering categories: less than 4 times a month to several times a week); frequent intake (almost daily or more)
  3. cEW East/West Health Survey, GNHIES98 German National Interview and Health Examination Survey 1998, DEGS German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults
  4. dp for trend, age-standardized
  5. eFFQ-Question in EW about tea, in GNHIES98 only about black tea (no information for herbal tea available), and in DEGS for black and green tea, herbal and fruit tea