| Variables | Cinnamon Group, n = 20 | Placebo Group, n = 19 | P** |
|---|
| Before Treatment |
| FBS (mg/dL) | 183.85 ± 36.16 | 190.57 ± 70.58 | 0.71 |
| FI (mU/L) | 9.85 (7.92–19.22) | 10.60 (8.80–17.30) | 0.86 |
| HgA1c | 10.04 ± 1.30 | 10.31 ± 1.86 | 0.59 |
| HOMA-IR | 5.35 (2.97–9.22) | 5.39 (2.64–6.98) | 0.86 |
| After Treatment |
| FBS (mg/dL) | 172.20 ± 44.86 | 199.15 ± 49.86 | 0.53 |
| Differences | −11.65 ± 29.34 | 8.57 ± 35.10 | 0.06 |
| P* | 0.09 | 0.30 | |
| FI (mU/L) | 12.10 (10.65–18.45) | 12.20 (9.30–14.20) | 0.73 |
| Differences | 2.05 (−1.62–5.45) | 1.20 (−2.40–4.70) | 0.86 |
| P* | 0.24 | 0.46 | |
| HgA1c | 10.11 ± 1.49 | 10.30 ± 1.70 | 0.86 |
| Differences | 0.075 ± 1.51 | −0.15 ± 1.93 | 0.87 |
| P* | 0.83 | 0.97 | |
| HOMA-IR | 6.00 (3.34–9.00) | 6.16 (3.48–8.49) | 0.83 |
| Differences | −0.03 (−1.50–1.97) | 0.68 (−0.73–1.50) | 0.42 |
| P* | 1.00 | 0.39 | |
- Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or median (25–75 interquartile range) for continuous variables. * P was applied for the comparisons among groups, with the use of Student’s t-test for continuous variables, Mann–Whitney test for variables with non-normal distribution. ** P was used for the comparisons between groups, with use of paired t-test for continuous variables, Wilcoxon test for variables with non-normal distribution. Difference is significant at P < 0.050. Abbreviations: FBS Fasting Blood Sugar, FI Fasting Insulin, HgA1c HemoglobinA1c, HOMA-IR Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance
