Trends in prevalence and determinants of stunting in Tanzania: an analysis of Tanzania demographic health surveys (1991–2016)

Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of participants in six Tanzania Demographic and Health Surveys (TDHS 1991–2016)

Variables	TDHS 1991–1992		TDHS 1996		TDHS 1999		TDHS 2004–2005		TDHS 2009–2010		TDHS 2015–2016
Variables	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%
Highest educational level of mother respondents
No education	2561	35	1812	29	807	28	2085	26	1959	26	2013	21
Primary	4470	62	4155	67	1983	68	5526	69	5219	68	6142	65
Secondary	208	3	207	3	108	4	275	3	468	6	1279	13
Higher	18	0.3	2	0.03			89	1	20	0.3	87	1
Body mass index (kg/m2) of mother respondents
Low (< 18.50)	638	9	517	9			550	7	681	9	637	7
Normal (18.50–24.99)	5729	80	4715	78			6187	78	5580	74	6476	69
Overweight (25.00–30.00)	698	10	696	12			959	12	1018	13	1616	17
Obese (> 30.00)	123	2	140	2			230	3	300	4	724	8
Age at 1st birth of mother respondents
0–19	4972	69	4057	66	1951	67	5197	65	4933	64	5922	62
20–29	2252	31	2102	34	939	32	2719	34	2670	35	3483	37
30 and above	32	0.5	28	0.46	8	0.3	59	1	64	1	115	1
Duration of breastfeeding of mother respondents
< 6	882	12	704	11	347	12	877	11	886	12	982	10
6–12	1334	18	1155	19	505	17	1568	20	1466	19	1128	12
13–24	4234	58	3495	56	1633	56	4609	58	4434	58	1304	14
> 24	702	10	638	10	295	10	709	9	596	8	119	1
Inconsistent breastfeeding	21	0.2	26	0.4	10	0.3	20	0.3	38	0.5	5919	62
Never get breastfeeding	35	0.5	96	2	78	3	162	2	133	2	68	1
Number of living children of mother respondents
1	1223	17	1057	17	544	19	1318	17	1139	15	1796	19
2	1520	21	1186	19	642	22	1838	23	1627	21	1993	21
3	1241	17	1155	19	481	17	1517	19	1487	19	1716	18
4	993	14	880	14	429	15	1068	13	1118	15	1240	13
5	786	11	666	11	282	10	774	10	852	11	956	10
6–15(> 5)	1493	21	1244	20	520	18	1461	18	1443	19	1819	19
Sex of head of household
Male	6395	88	5225	84	2415	83	6619	83	6347	83	7875	83
Female	861	12	963	16	484	17	1356	17	1320	17	1645	17
Residence of respondents
Rural	5808	80	5056	82	2353	81	6417	80	6137	80	6980	73
Urban	1449	20	1132	18	546	19	1558	20	1530	20	2541	27

ISSN: 1475-2891