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Table 3 Mutually adjusted analysis. Hazard ratios of hypertension according to dietary total antioxidant capacity intake in women, partitioned into TAC from coffee and TAC from all other sources. (N = 40,576). E3N Cohort, France 1993–2008

From: High dietary total antioxidant capacity is associated with a reduced risk of hypertension in French women

Dietary TAC (mmol/day)

 

M1

M2

M3

N (%) cases

HR [95% CI]

p-trend

HR [95% CI]

p-trend

HR [95% CI]

p-trend

non-coffee TAC

 Q1 (< 2.95)

1948 (20.8)

Reference

0.001

Reference

0.006

Reference

< 0.0001

 Q2 (2.95–3.99)

1909 (20.4)

0.95 [0.89; 1.01]

 

0.94 [0.88; 1.00]

 

0.93 [0.87; 0.99]

 

 Q3 (3.99–5.52)

1831 (19.6)

0.89 [0.84; 0.96]

 

0.90 [0.84; 0.96]

 

0.88 [0.82; 0.94]

 

 Q4 (5.52–6.69)

1845 (19.7)

0.91 [0.85; 0.97]

 

0.91 [0.85; 0.97]

 

0.88 [0.82; 0.94]

 

 Q5 (> 6.96)

1817 (19.4)

0.90 [0.90; 0.83]

 

0.90 [0.84; 0.97]

 

0.85 [0.79; 0.92]

 

Coffee TAC

 Q1 (< 2.46)

1820 (19.5)

Reference

0.01

Reference

0.70

Reference

0.03

 Q2 (2.46–9.15)

1861 (19.9)

1.00 [093; 1.06]

 

1.00 [0.93; 1.06]

 

0.97 [0.90; 1.03]

 

 Q3 (9.15–15.97)

1898 (20.3)

1.05 [0.98; 1.11]

 

1.02 [0.96; 1.09]

 

0.96 [0.89; 1.03]

 

 Q4 (15.97–24.99)

1923 (20.6)

1.07 [1.00; 1.15]

 

1.04 [0.98; 1.11]

 

0.95 [0.87; 1.03]

 

 Q5 (>  24.99)

1848 (19.8)

1.06 [1.00; 1.14]

 

1.00 [0.94; 1.07]

 

0.86 [0.75; 0.97]

 
  1. M1: Age as the time scale + energy without alcohol
  2. M2: M1 + (Diabetes, treated hypercholesterolemia, education, family history of hypertension, smoking, physical activity, body mass index)
  3. M3: M2 + Na (mg), K (mg), Mg (mg), AGPIw3 (mg), alcohol (g)