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Table 7 Classification of Diabetes Status among U.S. adults (Age ≥ 20 years) using Predicted Probabilities

From: Healthy eating index versus alternate healthy index in relation to diabetes status and health markers in U.S. adults: NHANES 2007–2010

Models

% correctly classified

% false positive

% false negative

1

65.1

24.2

10.7

2

63.3

7.0

29.6

3

53.9

42.1

4.0

4

54.6

40.5

4.9

5

51.9

48.1

0

6

51.9

47.9

0.1

7

51.9

47.9

0.1

8

63.7

6.2

30.2

9

63.6

6.1

30.3

10

63.7

6.1

30.3

a11

51.9

47.9

0.2

b12

52.7

44.8

2.5

c13

52.9

44.5

2.6

14

63.5

6.3

30.2

15

63.5

6.2

30.3

16

63.6

6.1

30.3

  1. Values are percentages
  2. Diabetes status was recoded as a binary outcome. False negative is when the predicted probability of having diabetes/prediabetes wrongly classifies diabetes/prediabetes as the nonevent. False positive is when the predicted probability of having diabetes/prediabetes wrongly classifies diabetes/prediabetes as the event
  3. Model 1 = Sociodemographics (age, sex, ethnicity, Poverty-to-Income Ratio, self-reported health)
  4. Model 2 = Health Markers (Comorbidity Score, mean systolic BP, WC, LDL-C, HDL-C)
  5. Model 3 = Health Behaviors (total HEI-2010 score + physical activity + smoking status)
  6. Model 4 = Health Behaviors (total AHEI-2010 score + physical activity + smoking status)
  7. Model 5 = Total HEI-2010 score
  8. Model 6 = Total AHEI-2010 score
  9. Model 7 = Modified Total AHEI-2010 score (no alcohol penalty)
  10. Model 8 = Model 1 + Model 2 + Total HEI-2010 score
  11. Model 9 = Model 1 + Model 2 + Total AHEI-2010 score
  12. Model 10 = Model 1 + Model 2 + Modified Total AHEI-2010 score (no alcohol penalty)
  13. Model 11 = HEI-2010 components
  14. Model 12 = AHEI-2010 components
  15. Model 13 = AHEI-2010 components (no alcohol penalty)
  16. Model 14 = Model 1 + Model 2 + HEI-2010 components
  17. Model 15 = Model 1 + Model 2 + AHEI-2010 components
  18. Model 16 = Model 1 + Model 2 + AHEI-2010 components (no alcohol penalty)
  19. Abbreviations: BP Blood Pressure, WC Waist Circumference, LDL-C Low density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, HDL-C High density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, HEI-2010 Healthy Eating Index 2010, AHEI-2010 Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010
  20. aSelected HEI-2010 components that are significantly associated with diabetes status (total protein foods, refined grains, sodium, empty calories)
  21. bSelected AHEI-2010 components that are significantly associated with diabetes status (sugar-sweetened beverages and fruit juice, red/processed meat, alcohol, sodium)
  22. cReplaced the original scoring of alcohol as 2.5 for nondrinkers with a modified scoring of alcohol as zero for nondrinkers (no alcohol penalty)