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Table 3 Crude and adjusted estimates of the association of exposure variables with anemia

From: Food taboo among pregnant Ethiopian women: magnitude, drivers, and association with anemia

Variable

Crude OR

Adjusted OR*

OR (95% CI)

P

AOR (95% CI)

P**

Food taboo

Yes

2.08 (1.36–3.19)

0.002

2.12 (1.32–3.42)

0.002

No

Reference

Reference

Education

Primary

3.48 (2.16–5.62)

<  0.001

3.30 (1.99–5.49)

<  0.001

Secondary

1.56 (0.93–2.61)

0.089

1.81 (1.05–3.12)

0.034

Tertiary

Reference

Reference

Household income3

Low

2.63 (1.69–4.11)

<  0.001

2.20 (1.36–3.57)

<  0.001

Middle

2.24 (1.44–3.48)

<  0.001

1.86 (1.15–3.01)

0.012

High

Reference

Reference

MUAC

≤ 23 cm

1.91 (1.31–2.78)

0.001

1.53 (1.01–2.33)

0.047

>  23 cm

Reference

Reference

Pregnancy trimester

First

Reference

Reference

Second

0.23 (0.13–0.39)

<  0.001

0.25 (0.14–0.44)

0.090

Third

1.49 (1.00–2.22)

0.049

1.44 (0.95–2.20)

<  0.001

Iron supplement

Yes

Reference

Reference

No

0.74 (0.47–1.16)

0.195

1.06 (0.64–1.73)

0.829

Chronic illness

Yes

1.63 (0.73–3.61)

0.233

1.41 (0.60–3.33)

0.430

No

Reference

Reference

  1. AOR, adjusted odds ratio; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; MUAC, mid-upper arm circumference
  2. *Multiple logistic regression used to determine statistical significance
  3. **Significant at P < 0.05