Dietary patterns of university students in the UK: a cross-sectional study

Sprake, E. F.; Russell, J. M.; Cecil, J. E.; Cooper, R. J.; Grabowski, P.; Pourshahidi, L. K.; Barker, M. E.

doi:10.1186/s12937-018-0398-y

Nutrition Journal

Table 4 General Linear Model 1 – Demographic Variables

From: Dietary patterns of university students in the UK: a cross-sectional study

	Vegetarian		Snacking		Health-conscious		Convenience, red meat & alcohol
Lack of fit	p = 0.612		p = 0.330		p = 0.280		p = 0.012
Demographic variable	Adjusted mean pattern score	p value	Adjusted mean pattern score	p value	Adjusted mean pattern score	p value	Adjusted mean pattern score	p value
Gender
Male	0.082	< 0.001	−0.315	0.074	0.378	0.132	0.475	< 0.001
Female	0.304	< 0.001	−0.428	0.074	0.469	0.132	−0.117	< 0.001
Age
17–21	0.133 ^a	0.020	−0.326	0.424	0.262 ^b	0.015	0.228	0.496
22–25	0.339 ^a		−0.429		0.434 ^a		0.210
26–29	0.197		−0.361		0.574 ^b		0.100
Leisure-time physical activity
Not very active	0.184 ^a	0.045	−0.171 ^ab	< 0.001	0.029 ^ab	< 0.001	0.250 ^a	0.032
Moderately active	0.308 ^a		−0.356 ^ac		0.383 ^ac		0.097 ^a
Very active	0.177		−0.588 ^bc		0.857 ^bc		0.191
BMI
< 18.5	0.292	0.221	−0.281	0.391	0.437	0.055	0.139	0.092
18.5–24.9	0.289		−0.436		0.407		0.073
25–29.9	0.154		−0.432		0.574		0.144
≥ 30	0.156		−0.339		0.275		0.361
Smoking status
Never	0.086 ^a	0.025	−0.333	0.270	0.404	0.173	−0.026 ^ab	< 0.001
Ex	0.421 ^a		−0.393		0.387		0.121 ^c
Social	0.159		−0.254		0.562		0.311 ^ac
Regular	0.225		−0.507		0.340		0.310 ^b
Ethnicity
White British	0.214	0.441	−0.299	0.810	0.263 ^a	0.004	0.206	0.585
White Irish	0.364		−0.381		0.276 ^b		0.254
White Other	0.182		−0.322		0.545 ^ab		0.140
Mixed	0.105		−0.352		0.627		0.297
Asian/Asian British	0.281		−0.272		0.309		0.211
Black/Black British	0.003		−0.274		0.048		−0.041
Other	0.103		−0.705		0.882		0.489
Rather not say	0.531		−0.370		0.437		−0.123
Year of study
1st year UG	0.212	0.194	−0.240	0.154	0.477 ^a	0.041	0.179	0.134
2nd year UG	0.080		−0.439		0.503		0.203
3rd year UG	0.090		−0.475		0.614 ^a		0.139
≥ 4th year UG	0.091		−0.431		0.480		0.410
Postgraduate	0.177		−0.374		0.282		0.309
Other	0.687		−0.272		0.182		−0.166
Term-time accommodation
Uni catered	0.129	0.963	−0.104 ^a	< 0.001	0.176	0.068	0.374	0.053
Uni self-catered	0.245		−0.517 ^b		0.236		0.219
Private with friends	0.242		−0.397 ^a		0.341		0.201
Private on own	0.324		−0.265		0.450		−0.275
Parents/relatives	0.173		−0.076 ^bc		0.524		0.175
Partner	0.269		− 0.306 ^c		0.456		0.187
Parents/partner + children	0.138		−0.247		0.290		0.074
Children only	0.218		−0.555		0.344		0.254
Other	0.268		−0.879		0.992		0.402
University
Sheffield	0.146 ^abc	< 0.001	−0.370 ^a	0.003	0.098 ^abcd	< 0.001	0.166	0.270
Ulster	−0.376 ^adef		−0.214 ^ab		0.318 ^aef		0.299
KCL	0.398 ^bd		−0.569 ^b		0.541 ^be		0.237
Southampton	0.227 ^e		−0.264		0.584 ^cf		0.221
St Andrews	0.719 ^cf		−0.442		0.576 ^d		−0.027
Faculty
Arts	0.334	0.234	−0.308	0.527	0.456	0.766	0.275	0.277
Social science	0.180		−0.357		0.464		0.191
Engineering	0.123		−0.416		0.400		0.153
Science	0.216		−0.453		0.357		0.177
Medicine & health	0.261		−0.324		0.440		0.099
Full-time vs. part-time student status
Full-time	0.183	0.582	−0.109	0.001	0.381	0.560	0.246	0.378
Part-time	0.263	0.582	−0.634	0.001	0.466	0.560	0.113	0.378

Independent associations between dietary pattern scores and non-nutrient variables. p values < 0.05 are highlighted in bold. Common superscript letters indicate significant post-hoc differences between categories within each variable

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