Severely malnourished children with a low weight-for-height have similar mortality to those with a low mid-upper-arm-circumference: II. Systematic literature review and meta-analysis

Grellety, Emmanuel; Golden, Michael H.

doi:10.1186/s12937-018-0383-5

Table 2 The numbers, mortality and significance of differences by criterion for studies analysed

From: Severely malnourished children with a low weight-for-height have similar mortality to those with a low mid-upper-arm-circumference: II. Systematic literature review and meta-analysis

Ref	Study	Author & year	Kwash		Total SAM		S-whz		S-muac		S-both		S-whz	S-muac	S-both	WHZ v MUAC
			Total	dead	Total	dead	Total	dead	Total	dead	Total	dead	CFR	CFR	CFR	χ²	χ²	Fisher	Cramer
#	#		#	#	#	#	#	#	#	#	#	#	%	%	%	value	p (2-tail)	p (1-tail)	V
Studies giving numbers of children fulfilling both WHZ and MUAC criteria
41	1	Aguayo 2015	231	11	6076	32	1333	3	859	2	3884	27	0.23	0.23	0.70			0.65	0.00
42	2	Grellety 2012	2	0	530	13	177	3	167	2	186	8	*1.69*	1.20	4.30			0.53	0.02
21	3	Grellety 2015	excl	excl	2205	40	1486	13	21	1	698	26	0.87	*4.76*	3.72			0.22	0.12
43	4	Isanaka 2015	excl	excl	2399	13	530	3	929	4	940	6	*0.57*	0.43	0.64			0.48	0.03
44	5	Lowlaavar 2016	excl	excl	262	21	171	11	32	0	59	10	*6.43*	0.00	16.95			0.14	0.10
45	6	LaCourse 2014	97	8	210	15	29	2	68	4	16	1	*6.90*	5.88	6.25			0.58	0.02
35	7	Olofin 2016	ng	ng	767	145	116	18	483	64	168	63	*15.50*	13.25	37.50	0.41	0.52	0.31	0.03
Studies including oedema
46	8	Berkley 2005	390	ng	1140	193	267	27	384	42	489	124	10.11	*10.94*	25.36	0.11	0.74	0.42	0.01
47	9	Chiabi 2017	ng	ng	106	22	23	1	21	3	62	18	4.35	*14.29*	29.03			0.27	0.17
48	10	Sachdeva 2016	ng	ng	447	59	228	18	75	15	144	26	7.89	*20.00*	18.06	8.52	0.004	0.004	0.17
Studies where children fulfilling both criteria are incorporated into both the WHZ and MUAC categories
							All-whz		All-muac				All-whz	All-muac		All-whz v All-muac
49	11	Burza 2016	ng	ng	650	36	295	26	650	36			*8.81*	5.54		3.55	0.06	0.042	0.06
50	12	Mogeni 2011	392	ng	1768	217	966	101	802	116			10.46	*14.46*		6.54	0.011		0.06
51	13	Sylla 2015	ng	ng	272	42	90	27	117	15			*30.00*	12.82		9.28	0.002	0.002	0.21
52	14	Vella 1990	ng	ng	118	22	34	3	96	18			8.82	*18.75*				0.14	0.12
53	15	Dramaix 1993	320	102	442	122	267	63	175	57			23.60	*32.57*		4.31	0.038	0.025	0.10
54	16	Girum 2017	363	25	545	51	130	26	277	41			*20.00*	14.80		1.74	0.19	0.12	0.07
55	17	Savadogo 2007	excl	excl	1322	212	930	168	387	95			18.03	*24.50*		7.19	0.007		0.01
36	18	Garenne1987	ng	ng	622	63	92	14	569	54			*15.22*	9.49		2.81	0.09	0.06	0.07
37	19	Garenne 2009	ng	ng	281	44	183	23	98	21			12.57	*21.43*		3.79	0.051	0.040	0.12
37	20	Garenne 2009	ng	ng	388	25	150	9	238	16			6.00	*6.72*		0.08	0.78	0.48	0.01
38	21	Broeck 1993	56	8	652	13	113	3	539	6			*2.65*	1.11				0.14	0.05

S-whz WHZ below cut off point with MUAC above cut-off point as defined in the paper, S-muac MUAC below cut off point with WHZ above cut-off point as defined in the paper, S-both MUAC and WHZ both below the cut-off point as defined in the paper, All-whz WHZ below the cut-off point, with MUAC either above or below the cut-off point as defined in the paper, All-muac MUAC below the cut-off point, WHZ either above or below the cut-off as defined in the paper, excl excluded from analysis, ng not given in report, CFR Case Fatality Rate in percentage, χ² Pearson’s chi squared test (two-way significance), Fisher Fisher’s exact test (one-tailed test of significance), Cramer Cramer’s V test of association between the groups. The higher CFR and significant differences are shown in bold script

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