Greater vegetable variety and amount are associated with lower prevalence of coronary heart disease: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2014

Table 4 Relationship between vegetable intake amount and prevalence of cardiometabolic disease among adults, 1999–2014

Cardiometabolic disease outcome	Amount quintile 1	Amount quintile 2	Amount quintile 3	Amount quintile 4	Amount quintile 5	P-trend
Odds ratio (95% CI)
Cardiometabolic	Referent	0.88 (0.76–1.03)	1.04 (0.88–1.21)	0.94 (0.82–1.06)	0.95 (0.82–1.11)	0.805
Cardiovascular	Referent	0.79 (0.65–0.97)	0.97 (0.78–1.21)	0.81 (0.67–0.99)	0.79 (0.64–0.97)	0.050
Coronary heart	Referent	0.84 (0.65–1.07)	0.90 (0.70–1.16)	0.80 (0.64–1.01)	0.75 (0.59–0.96)	0.026
Stroke	Referent	0.75 (0.55–1.02)	1.08 (0.82–1.43)	0.88 (0.70–1.11)	0.87 (0.67–1.12)	0.667
Diabetes	Referent	0.97 (0.82–1.14)	1.04 (0.87–1.25)	0.98 (0.85–1.13)	1.00 (0.86–1.17)	0.961

Adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, race/ethnicity, intake of fatty acids (unsaturated:saturated), intake of added sugar, income-to-poverty ratio, and education
Median energy-adjusted vegetable intake (cup-equivalents/day) for each quintile is: quintile 1 = 0, quintile 2 = 0.95, quintile 3 = 1.61, quintile 4 = 1.89, quintile 5 = 2.10
Cardiometabolic disease includes coronary heart disease, stroke, and diabetes
Cardiovascular disease includes coronary heart disease and stroke

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