Table 2 Change after 16 weeks in metabolic, anthropometric and dietary intake parameters in response to three different methods of nutrition therapy

0.06 (−0.28 to 0.41)

− 0.66 (− 1.03 to − 0.30)^***

−0.61 (− 1.0 to − 0.23)^**

< 0.001

− 0.5 (− 1.5 to 0.6)

− 0.9 (− 2.0 to 0.2)

−0.7 (− 1.8 to 0.4)

0.09

− 12 (− 37 to 12)

− 18 (− 6 to 1)

− 5 (−9 to − 1)^*

0.76

− 2.1 (− 4.4 to 0.3)

− 1.9 (− 4.3 to 0.5)

− 2.8 (− 5.2 to − 0.3)^*

0.51

−0.07 (− 0.29 to 0.16)

0.06 (− 0.18 to 0.30)

0.11 (− 0.14 to 0.37)

0.50

0.02 (− 0.03 to 0.07)

0.02 (− 0.04 to 0.08)

0.07 (0.01 to 0.13)^*

0.28

−0.06 (− 0.25 to 0.13)

0.05 (− 0.16 to 0.26)

0.10 (− 0.12 to 0.33)

0.71

− 0.05 (− 0.27 to 0.17)

−0.18 (− 0.41 to 0.06)

−0.09 (− 0.33 to 0.16)

0.31

0.50 (− 1.92 to 2.92)

− 0.23 (− 2.72 to 2.27)

− 0.51 (− 3.08 to 2.07)

0.63

9.2 (− 30.0 to 48.3)

14.4 (− 27.8 to 56.5)

− 6.2 (− 50.6 to 38.9)

0.81

−1.11 (− 2.46 to 0.23)

− 3.49 (− 4.93 to − 2.05)^***

− 2.93 (− 4.45 to − 1.42)^***

0.11

−0.43 (− 0.92 to 0.06)

−1.26 (− 1.78 to − 0.74)^***

−1.06 (− 1.61 to − 0.52)^***

0.13

−0.1 (− 0.9 to 0.6)

−1.6 (− 2.4 to − 0.8)^***

−1.2 (− 2.0 to − 0.3)^**

< 0.05

0.01 (− 1.0 to 0.9)

−1.2 (− 2.2 to − 0.2)^*

−0.3 (− 1.3 to 0.8)

0.40

−0.4 (−2.3 to 1.5)

− 5.0 (− 7.0 to − 2.9)^***

−2.9 (− 5.0 to − 0.8)^**

< 0.01

−1.8 (− 3.6 to − 0.1)^*

−3.6 (− 5.2 to − 1.7)^***

− 2.9 (− 4.8 to − 1.0)^**

0.37

0.01 (−0.01 to 0.03)

− 0.01 (− 0.03 to 0.01)

0.00 (− 0.02 to 0.02)

0.14

3 (− 2 to 8)

7 (2 to 13)^***

0 (−6 to 6)

< 0.05

3 (0 to 7)

1 (− 3 to 5)

3 (−2 to7)

0.41

− 206 (− 394 to − 18)^*

− 269 (− 469 to − 69)^**

− 382 (− 586 to − 177)^***

0.40

−33.4 (− 60.4 to − 6.3)^*

−29.7 (− 58.6 to − 0.9)^*

−50.3 (− 79.7 to − 20.9)^**

0.62

−1.4 (− 4.2 to 1.4)

− 0.5 (− 3.5 to 2.6)

−2.9 (− 6.0 to 0.3)

0.50

− 9.9 (− 19.8 to − 0.01)^*

− 18.6 (− 29.2 to − 8.0)^***

−16.9 (− 27.7 to − 6.1)^**

0.16

−0.2 (− 3.0 to 2.5)

−4.2 (− 7.2 to − 1.2)^**

−1.2 (− 4.3 to 1.9)

0.10

−4.3 (− 7.7 to − 0.9)^*

−10.1 (− 13.7 to − 6.4)^***

−9.3 (− 13.1 to − 5.6)^***

< 0.05

−0.9 (− 2.1 to 0.3)

−3.3 (− 4.6 to − 2.1)^***

−2.7 (− 4.0 to − 1.3)^***

< 0.01

1.3 (− 6.9 to 9.5)

11.0 (2.1 to 19.9)^*

0.4 (− 8.8 to 9.7)

0.29

1.6 (− 0.3 to 3.5)

4.8 (2.8 to 6.8)^***

4.2 (2.1 to 6.2)^***

< 0.001

1.6 (− 0.5 to 3.8)

4.0 (1.6 to 6.4)^**

2.7 (0.2 to 5.2)^*

0.58