Fig. 3

Z-scores of Overall Competence at school (OCS) by SAED sub-items and gender.
Students with Z-scores ≥13 in any subscale were classified as having emotional disturbance. The t-test was used to compared the difference between two SAED sub-items groups; all of the results were significant (p < 0.001). a Boys OCS Z-score. b Girls OCS Z-score