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Table 6 Multivariable adjusted regression coefficients for cardiometabolic risk markers per sex-specific tertiles (T) of dietary pattern 2 (n = 2121)a

From: Association between diet quality, dietary patterns and cardiometabolic health in Australian adults: a cross-sectional study

Characteristic

Tertile of dietary pattern

P-trendb

T1

T2

T3

HbA1c (mmol/mol)

 Model 1

ref

−0.003 (0.010)

0.008 (0.009)

0.37

 Model 2

ref

−0.004 (0.009)

0.007 (0.009)

0.44

Plasma glucose (mmol/L)

 Model 1

ref

−0.009 (0.008)

−0.007 (0.008)

0.35

 Model 2

ref

−0.019 (0.008)

−0.009 (0.007)

0.24

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

 Model 1

ref

−0.033 (0.018)

−0.009 (0.017)

0.62

 Model 2

ref

−0.033 (0.018)

−0.010 (0.017)

0.57

HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

 Model 1

ref

−0.035 (0.022)

−0.056 (0.024)

0.022

 Model 2

ref

−0.034 (0.021)

−0.053 (0.023)

0.028

LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

 Model 1

ref

−0.023 (0.027)

0.014 (0.026)

0.57

 Model 2

ref

−0.024 (0.026)

0.012 (0.025)

0.61

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

 Model 1

ref

−0.063 (0.041)

−0.018 (0.040)

0.69

 Model 2

ref

−0.064 (0.042)

−0.024 (0.040)

0.56

Apolipoprotein B (g/L)

 Model 1

ref

−0.026 (0.026)

0.013 (0.025)

0.57

 Model 2

ref

−0.026 (0.025)

0.010 (0.023)

0.64

BMI (kg/m2)

 Model 1

ref

0.001 (0.016)

0.010 (0.014)

0.49

 Model 2

–

–

–

–

Waist circumference (cm)

 Model 1

ref

−0.003 (0.012)

0.002 (0.010)

0.84

 Model 2

–

–

–

–

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

 Model 1

ref

1.885 (1.286)

−0.435 (1.090)

0.67

 Model 2

ref

1.871 (1.298)

−0.573 (1.051)

0.57

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

 Model 1

ref

0.275 (0.871)

−1.811 (0.969)

0.07

 Model 2

ref

0.258 (0.818)

−1.979 (0.908)

0.033

Overall cardiometabolic risk score

 Model 1

ref

0.002 (0.044)

0.010 (0.046)

0.83

 Model 2

–

–

–

–

  1. aBMI, body mass index; Values represent regression coefficients and SE. Overall cardiometabolic risk score was based on WC, TAG, HDL-cholesterol, blood pressure (average blood pressure was used as an index for systolic and diastolic blood pressure), and fasting plasma glucose based on an established methodology [30]
  2. bLinear regression analyses were used to test for significant differences across tertiles of dietary pattern score. Analyses were adjusted for Model 1 and Model 2. Model 1 adjusted for age (continuous), sex, smoking (categorical), physical activity (binary), education (categorical), urban or rural location (categorical), energy misreporting (continuous), dieting (categorical) or atypical dietary intake on day of reporting (categorical) and family history of diabetes. Blood biomarkers and blood pressure outcomes were further adjusted for BMI in Model 2