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Table 4 Logistic regression analyses for the association between volume of formula milk consumption and the odds of infant’ greater-weight and overweight at the age of 6 and 12 mo

From: Early feeding of larger volumes of formula milk is associated with greater body weight or overweight in later infancy

  

Greater body weight

Overweight

   

Crude analysis

Adjusted analysisa

 

Crude analysis

Adjusted analysisa

Feeding practices

n (%)

n (%)

OR (CI 95%)

P values

OR (CI 95%)

P values

n (%)

OR (CI 95%)

P values

OR (CI 95%)

P values

6mo

 BM

610(55.5)

168(27.5)

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

65(10.7)

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

 LFM

363(33.2)

115(31.7)

1.22(0.92; 1.62)

0.169

1.25(0.93;1.67)

0.082

35(9.6)

0.90(0.58;1.38)

0.615

0.87(0.56;1.37)

0.551

 HFM

120(11.0)

46(38.3)

1.64(1.09; 2.46)*

0.018

1.60(1.05;2.44)*

0.021

15(12.5)

1.20(0.66;2.18)

0.555

1.06(0.56;1.99)

0.880

12mo

 BM

610(55.5)

159(26.1)

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

34(5.6)

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

 LFM

363(33.2)

112(30.9)

1.27(0.95;1.69)

0.107

1.24(0.92; 1.66)

0.234

27(7.4)

1.36(0.81; 2.30)

0.248

1.47(0.85;2.58)

0.286

 HFM

120(11.0)

44(36.7)

1.64(1.09;2.48)*

0.019

1.55(1.01;2.37)*

0.046

12(10.0)

1.88(0.95; 3.75)

0.072

2.13(1.03;4.38)*

0.045

  1. aWald test for heterogeneity and adjusted for infant sex, infant birth WLZ, infant birth weight, introduction of solid foods, cesarean, illness episodes, maternal body mass index pre-pregnancy and weight gain during pregnancy.*p < 0.05. BM, no formula milk; LFM, <840 ml formula milk/d; HFM, ≥840 ml formula milk/d; WLZ, weight-for-length z-score; BAZ, BMI-for-age z score