Vitamin D status and dental caries in healthy Swedish children

Nutrition Journal

Table 3 Odds ratios to have dental caries or not by increasing vitamin D status. Serum vitamin D levels are at 6 years of age and caries status at 8 years of age

	Logistic regression
	Baseline			3 months after intervention
	Odds ratio	95% CI	p-value	Odds ratio	95% CI	p-value
Method: Variables entered
Model 1^a	0.961	0.929, 0.995	0.024	0.966	0.936, 0.997	0.030
Model 2^b	0.962	0.928, 0.998	0.037	0.971	0.939, 1.003	0.075
Model 3^c	0.967	0.931, 1.005	0.085	0.975	0.943, 1.009	0.148
With Firth’s correction
Model 1^a	0.966	0.935, 0.998	0.040	0.969	0.940, 0.999	0.044
Model 2^b	0.970	0.935, 1.008	0.117	0.975	0.943, 1.008	0.134
Model 3^c	0.973	0.936, 1.010	0.153	0.979	0.947, 1.013	0.232
Method: Backward elimination (variables retained in final model)
D vitamin status	0.958	0.926, 0.990	0.01	0.971	0.940, 1.003	0.08
Number of teeth	0.666	0.412, 1.061	0.087	0.598,	0.366, 0.975	0.039
Living region^d	3.13	1.05, 9.33	0.040	2.62	0.842, 8.16	0.096
Tooth brushing^d	0.099	0.008, 1.16	0.065	Not retained
Skin type^d	Not retained			3.08	1.02, 9.35	0.047

^aModel 1 with caries (yes/no) as dependent variables and serum levels of vitamin D, number of teeth, tooth brushing, S. mutans, parental education, and living region as covariates
^bmodel 1+ BMI, and reported intake of vitamin D supplement at the caries examination
^cmodel 2 + skin type
^dThe reference categories were southern Sweden (living region), brushing <twice a day (tooth brushing), and fair skin (skin type)

ISSN: 1475-2891