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Table 5 Multivariate linear regression of infants’ and young children’s dietary diversity and its associated factors (n = 1102)

From: Factors associated with infants’ and young children’s (6–23 months) dietary diversity in Pakistan: evidence from the demographic and health survey 2012–13

Characteristics

Model Aa

Model Ba

Model Ca

β (SE)

CI (95%)

p-value

β (SE)

CI (95%)

p-value

β (SE)

CI (95%)

p-value

Child (individual) level

 Age

  6–11 months (Ref.)

  12–17 months

0.73 (0.09)

0.54–0.92

<0.01

0.57 (0.19)

0.19–0.94

<0.01

0.56 (0.19)

0.18–0.94

<0.01

  18–23 months

0.59 (0.11)

0.38–0.81

<0.01

0.34 (0.22)

−0.09-0.78

0.12

0.28 (0.22)

−0.16-0.72

0.21

 Still breastfeeding

  No (Ref.)

  Yes

−0.63 (0.09)

−0.82-(−0.43)

<0.01

−0.86 (0.19)

−1.24-(−0.48)

<0.01

−0.89 (0.199)

−1.28-(−0.50)

<0.01

Mother level

 Age

  15–24 years (Ref.)

  25–34 years

   

−0.11 (0.18)

−0.47-0.25

0.54

−0.08 (0.18)

−0.44-0.29

0.67

  35 years and above

   

−0.29 (0.27)

−0.82-0.24

0.28

−0.29 (0.27)

−0.82-0.24

0.28

 Age at first birth

   

0.02 (0.02)

−0.03-0.07

0.38

0.01 (0.02)

−0.03-0.06

0.49

 Level of education

  No education (Ref.)

  Primary

   

−0.53 (0.25)

−1.02-(−0.04)

0.04

−0.68 (0.26)

−1.02-(−0.16)

<0.01

  Secondary

   

0.12 (0.19)

−0.27-0.51

0.54

−0.01 (0.22)

−0.45-0.43

0.97

  Higher

   

0.61 (0.29)

0.03–1.20

0.04

0.44 (0.33)

−0.21-1.08

0.18

 Received services/information from LHW on MCH

  No (Ref.)

  Yes

   

0.64 (0.24)

0.17–1.10

<0.01

0.57 (0.24)

0.09–1.04

0.02

 Number of ANC visits received

  Less than 4 visits (Ref.)

  At least 4 visits or more

   

−0.01 (0.16)

−0.33-0.30

0.94

−0.02 (0.16)

−0.34-0.29

0.88

Household & Community level

 Number of children under 5 years

      

0.01 (0.07)

−0.12-0.15

0.83

 Place of residence

  Rural (Ref.)

  Urban

      

−0.09 (0.23)

−0.54-0.34

0.68

Model for good fit (R2)

0.10

0.17

0.20

  1. aModel A included the dietary diversity and child-level characteristics. In Model B, the maternal level characteristics were also added with child-level factors, and in Model C, household and community-level characteristics were also included in addition to child and maternal-level factors. Moreover, multiple linear regression was conducted using those variables that were found to be significantly associated with infants’ and young children’s dietary diversity in the bivariate analysis