Table 1 Characteristics of children and adolescents 2-16 years from the Australian National Nutrition Surveys 1995, 2007 and 2011–12
Characteristic | National Nutrition Survey | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1995 | 2007 | 2011–12 | ||||||||
Mean | SE | CI (95%) | Mean | SE | CI (95%) | Mean | SE | CI (95%) | P-value | |
N | 2340 | 3637 | 2281 | |||||||
Males (%) | 51.7 | 1.0 | 49.6–53.7 | 51.3 | 1.0 | 49.6–52.9 | 49.8 | 1.0 | 47.7–51.8 | 0.39 |
Under-reporters* (%) | 10.7 | 0.6 | 8.8–12.5 | 11.5 | 0.7 | 10.0–13.0 | 16.3 | 0.8 | 14.0–18.6 | < 0.001 |
Age group (%) | < 0.001 | |||||||||
2-3 years | 13.7 | 0.7 | 12.3–15.2 | 12.6 | 0.7 | 11.6–13.7 | 13.6 | 0.7 | 12.2–15.0 | |
4-8 years | 34.0 | 1.0 | 32.0–35.9 | 35.0 | 1.0 | 33.5–36.6 | 32.8 | 1.0 | 30.8–34.7 | |
9-13 years | 32.4 | 1.0 | 30.5–34.3 | 32.9 | 1.0 | 31.4–34.5 | 35.2 | 1.0 | 33.2–37.1 | |
14-16 years | 19.9 | 0.8 | 18.3–21.6 | 19.4 | 0.8 | 18.1–20.6 | 18.5 | 0.8 | 16.8–20.1 | |
BMI z-score (mean SE) | 0.47a | 0.02 | 0.42–0.51 | 0.63b | 0.02 | 0.59–0.67 | 0.60a,b | 0.03 | 0.55–0.66 | < 0.001 |
Waist:height ratio (mean SE) | 0.46a | 0.00 | 0.46–0.46 | 0.47a | 0.00 | 0.47–0.47 | 0.48b | 0.00 | 0.48–0.48 | < 0.001 |
Weight status† (%) | < 0.001 | |||||||||
Normal weight | 72.5 | 0.9 | 70.6–74.3 | 67.3 | 1.0 | 65.7–68.8 | 67.8 | 1.0 | 65.7–70.0 | |
At risk for overweight | 14.0 | 0.7 | 12.6–15.5 | 15.3 | 0.7 | 14.2–16.5 | 12.7 | 0.7 | 11.2–14.2 | |
Overweight | 13.5 | 0.7 | 12.1–14.9 | 17.4 | 0.8 | 16.2–18.6 | 19.5 | 0.8 | 17.7–21.3 | |
Waist to Height: Ratio‡ (%) | < 0.001 | |||||||||
< 0.5 | 77.1 | 0.9 | 75.4–78.9 | 74.3 | 0.9 | 72.9–75.7 | 66.3 | 1.0 | 64.1–68.5 | |
≥ 0.5 | 22.9 | 0.9 | 21.1–24.6 | 25.7 | 0.9 | 24.3–27.1 | 33.7 | 1.0 | 31.5–35.9 | |