Fatty fish intake and attention performance in 14–15 year old adolescents: FINS-TEENS - a randomized controlled trial

Table 3 Predicted change in d2 outcomes after intervention with fish (n = 137), meat (n = 148), n-3 supplements (n = 141)

					Models adjusted for:
		Crude			Baseline score^a		Baseline, dietary compliance^b
d2 test of attention outcomes^c		Pre Mean ± SD	Post Mean ± SD	P-within ^d	Coefficients (95% CI)	P-value	Coefficients (95% CI)	P-value
Concentration performance (CP)
	Fish	142.4 ± 35.0	177.3 ± 36.8	<0.001	1 (ref.)		1 (ref.)
	Meat	146.3 ± 31.5	178.5 ± 37.6	<0.001	−2.3 (−6.8, 2.2)	0.317	−3.4 (−8.2, 1.3)	0.159
	Supplement	143.8 ± 35.8	176.1 ± 40.7	<0.001	−2.4 (−6.9, 2.2)	0.306	−4.4 (−9.7, 1.0)	0.110
Total performance (TN-E)
	Fish	377.4 ± 73.5	453.3 ± 72.6	<0.001	1 (ref.)		1 (ref.)
	Meat	379.1 ± 73.2	446.3 ± 77.0	<0.001	−7.9 (−17.4, 1.6)	0.103	−10.0 (−20.1, 0.0)	0.051
	Supplement	381.9 ± 77.4	446.5 ± 83.2	<0.001	−10.4 (−20.0, −0.7)	0.035	−14.1 (−25.5, −2.7)	0.015
Processing speed (TN)
	Fish	408.7 ± 80.3	482.1 ± 79.0	<0.001	1 (ref.)		1 (ref.)
	Meat	404.0 ± 79.6	466.1 ± 80.4	<0.001	−11.8 (−23.3, −0.4)	0.042	−13.3 (−25.5, −1.2)	0.031
	Supplement	413.9 ± 83.9	472.8 ± 89.1	<0.001	−13.4 (−24.9, −1.8)	0.024	−16.0 (−29.6, −2.4)	0.022

Pre and post data are presented as mean ± SD and difference between treatment groups presented as coefficients (95% CI). Abbreviations: SD Standard deviation, CI Confidence interval
^aBetween group differences analyzed using linear mixed effects model, with school class as random intercept
^bAdjusted for the equivalent outcome at baseline and for dietary compliance (i.e. the total intake of study meals or supplements) during the trial
^cAn increase in d2 outcomes indicates improvement
^dPaired-samples T-test for comparison within treatment groups from pre to post intervention

ISSN: 1475-2891