| Meals and snacks based on time†| Meals and snacks based on EI contribution‡ | FSA score of meals and snacks | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | FSA score of meals | FSA score of snacks | FSA score of meals | FSA score of snacks | |||||||||||
 | β§ | 95% CI§ | P | β§ | 95% CI§ | P | β§ | 95% CI§ | P | β§ | 95% CI§ | P | β§ | 95% CI§ | P |
Food intake from meals and snacks (g/10Â MJ) | |||||||||||||||
 Fruits, vegetables and nuts | −25.63 | −31.37, −19.90 | <0.0001 | −9.06 | −12.84, −5.28 | <0.0001 | −34.65 | −40.62, −28.68 | <0.0001 | −4.93 | −8.31, −1.54 | 0.003 | −37.64 | −43.16, −32.12 | <0.0001 |
 Cereals | −11.26 | −15.15, −7.37 | <0.0001 | −0.99 | −3.56, 1.57 | 0.45 | −15.29 | −19.35, −11.23 | <0.0001 | 0.09 | −2.21, 2.39 | 0.94 | −13.63 | −17.38, −9.87 | <0.0001 |
 Biscuits, cakes and pastries | 4.66 | 3.24, 6.07 | <0.0001 | 2.64 | 1.71, 3.58 | <0.0001 | 5.24 | 3.73, 6.75 | <0.0001 | 2.20 | 1.35, 3.05 | <0.0001 | 7.58 | 6.20, 8.96 | <0.0001 |
 Fish | −3.60 | −5.17, −2.03 | <0.0001 | −1.04 | −2.08, −0.009 | 0.048 | −4.65 | −6.31, −2.99 | <0.0001 | −0.13 | −1.07, 0.81 | 0.79 | −4.92 | −6.44, −3.40 | <0.0001 |
 Meat | −5.71 | −9.40, −2.02 | 0.003 | −2.56 | −4.99, −0.12 | 0.04 | −8.18 | −12.07, −4.30 | <0.0001 | −1.85 | −4.05, 0.35 | 0.10 | −9.10 | −12.67, −5.52 | <0.0001 |
 Dairy products | −11.86 | −19.15, −4.57 | 0.002 | 2.60 | −2.21, 7.41 | 0.29 | −9.64 | −17.36, −1.91 | 0.01 | −0.28 | −4.66, 4.09 | 0.90 | −8.12 | −15.22, −1.02 | 0.03 |
 Soft drinks | 2.87 | −4.86, 10.60 | 0.47 | 2.82 | −2.27, 7.92 | 0.28 | 12.90 | 4.78, 21.03 | 0.002 | −4.12 | −8.72, 0.49 | 0.08 | 7.22 | −0.28, 14.71 | 0.06 |
 Sugar, preserves and confectionery | 5.23 | 4.01, 6.44 | <0.0001 | 1.84 | −0.11, 0.29 | 0.38 | 2.33 | 1.10, 3.57 | 0.0002 | 4.21 | 3.51, 4.91 | <0.0001 | 7.69 | 6.52, 8.86 | <0.0001 |
Nutrient intake from meals and snacks | |||||||||||||||
 Protein (% of energy) | −0.51 | −0.61, −0.41 | <0.0001 | −0.09 | −0.16, −0.03 | 0.007 | −0.61 | −0.72, −0.51 | <0.0001 | −0.05 | −0.11, 0.01 | 0.08 | −0.63 | −0.72, −0.53 | <0.0001 |
 Fat (% of energy) | 1.05 | 0.85, 1.24 | <0.0001 | 0.45 | 0.33, 0.58 | <0.0001 | 1.46 | 1.26, 1.66 | <0.0001 | 0.24 | 0.13, 0.35 | <0.0001 | 1.65 | 1.47, 1.84 | <0.0001 |
 Saturated fatty acid (% of energy) | 0.67 | 0.58, 0.76 | <0.0001 | 0.29 | 0.23, 0.34 | <0.0001 | 0.87 | 0.78, 0.96 | <0.0001 | 0.19 | 0.14, 0.24 | <0.0001 | 1.05 | 0.97, 1.14 | <0.0001 |
 Carbohydrate (% of energy) | −0.19 | −0.47, 0.08 | 0.17 | 0.14 | −0.04, 0.32 | 0.14 | −0.97 | −1.25, −0.69 | <0.0001 | 0.56 | 0.40, 0.72 | <0.0001 | −0.11 | −0.38, 0.16 | 0.44 |
 Starch (% of energy) | −0.44 | −0.67, −0.22 | <0.0001 | 0.01 | −0.14, 0.16 | 0.90 | −0.75 | −0.98, −0.52 | <0.0001 | 0.12 | −0.01, 0.25 | 0.07 | −0.50 | −0.72, −0.29 | <0.0001 |
 Total sugar (g/10 MJ) | 0.25 | 0.004, 0.50 | 0.047 | 0.13 | −0.03, 0.29 | 0.12 | −0.21 | −0.47, 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.44 | 0.29, 0.58 | <0.0001 | 0.40 | 0.16, 0.64 | 0.001 |
 Non-milk extrinsic sugar (% of energy) | 0.68 | 0.45, 0.90 | <0.0001 | 0.18 | 0.04, 0.33 | 0.01 | 0.30 | 0.06, 0.53 | 0.01 | 0.48 | 0.35, 0.61 | <0.0001 | 0.90 | 0.68, 1.12 | <0.0001 |
 Alcohol (% of energy) | −0.35 | −0.61, −0.09 | 0.009 | −0.51 | −0.68, −0.33 | <0.0001 | 0.12 | −0.16, 0.39 | 0.40 | −0.75 | −0.91, −0.60 | <0.0001 | −0.93 | −1.19, −0.67 | <0.0001 |
 Dietary fiber (g/10 MJ) | −0.95 | −1.13, −0.76 | <0.0001 | −0.15 | −0.27, −0.03 | 0.02 | −1.27 | −1.46, −1.08 | <0.0001 | 0.003 | −0.11, 0.11 | 0.95 | −1.17 | −1.35, −0.99 | <0.0001 |
 Sodium (g/10 MJ) | 20.05 | −7.94, 48.04 | 0.16 | −8.11 | −26.58, 10.35 | 0.39 | 19.46 | −10.14, 49.06 | 0.20 | −5.160 | −21.93, 11.61 | 0.55 | 11.89 | −15.30, 39.08 | 0.39 |
Total EI (kJ/d) | 152.3 | 55.7, 248.9 | 0.002 | 111.0 | 47.2, 174.7 | 0.0007 | 281.7 | 179.7, 383.6 | <0.0001 | 29.2 | −28.6, 86.9 | 0.32 | 300.1 | 206.5, 393.7 | <0.0001 |
Diet quality score | |||||||||||||||
 Healthy diet indicator|| | −0.19 | −0.24, −0.14 | <0.0001 | −0.05 | −0.09, −0.02 | 0.002 | −0.20 | −0.26, −0.15 | <0.0001 | −0.06 | −0.09, −0.03 | <0.0001 | −0.27 | −0.32, −0.22 | <0.0001 |
 Mediterranean diet score¶ | −0.19 | −0.25, −0.13 | <0.0001 | −0.08 | −0.12, −0.04 | 0.0002 | −0.25 | −0.32, −0.19 | <0.0001 | −0.05 | −0.09, −0.02 | 0.005 | −0.30 | −0.36, −0.24 | <0.0001 |