Social disparities in food preparation behaviours: a DEDIPAC study

Nutrition Journal

Table 4 Associations between scores of daily time spent for meal preparation, preparation from scratch cooking skills and kitchen equipment, and socioeconomic characteristics^a

	Women n = 47,556									Men n = 11,369
	Daily time spent for meal preparation (min/day)			Preparation from scratch			Kitchen equipment			Daily time spent for meal preparation (min/day)			Preparation from scratch			Kitchen equipment
	Mean	SE	P-value^#	Mean	SE	P-value^#	Mean	SE	P-value^#	Mean	SE	P-value^#	Mean	SE	P-value^#	Mean	SE	P-value^#
Education			<0.0001			0.009			0.01			0.0006			0.15			0.02
Primary	39.82	0.28		5.06	0.02		6.89	0.02		27.68	0.52		4.84	0.10		5.15	0.06
Secondary	37.20	0.23		5.19	0.02		6.93	0.02		27.01	0.37		4.75	0.04		5.82	0.04
Under graduate	35.36	0.33		5.23	0.02		7.01	0.03		25.53	0.63		4.79	0.05		5.92	0.07
Post graduate	32.85	0.35		5.31	0.03		6.90	0.03		24.28	0.61		4.85	0.05		5.80	0.07
Occupation			<0.0001			<0.0001			0.06			<0.0001			0.01			0.01
Self-employed	38.16	0.49		5.33	0.03		6.93	0.04		25.65	0.69		5.14	0.06		5.74	0.08
Never employed	35.07	0.52		5.20	0.03		6.76	0.04		20.36	1.16		4.75	0.10		5.14	0.14
Manual worker, Office worker	37.87	0.22		4.96	0.02		6.99	0.02		22.60	0.43		4.72	0.03		5.69	0.05
Intermediate profession	35.65	0.25		5.17	0.02		7.01	0.02		24.84	0.48		4.73	0.04		5.90	0.05
Managerial staff	34.53	0.34		5.21	0.02		6.96	0.02		27.34	0.52		4.92	0.05		5.91	0.06
Monthly household income per consumption unit			<0.0001			0.008			<0.0001			<0.0001			0.002			0.09
Unwilling to answer	37.21	0.30		5.19	0.02		6.82	0.02		28.86	0.69		4.80	0.07		5.64	0.08
< 1200 euros	37.11	0.27		5.15	0.02		6.77	0.02		25.98	0.51		4.56	0.05		5.88	0.06
1200–1800 euros	35.67	0.22		5.28	0.02		6.95	0.02		24.59	0.41		4.88	0.04		5.81	0.04
1801–2700 euros	36.24	0.43		5.32	0.03		7.13	0.03		23.59	0.72		4.83	0.06		5.41	0.08
> 2700 euros	34.06	0.35		5.41	0.02		7.98	0.03		22.87	0.58		4.87	0.05		5.63	0.06

^aanalysis of covariance in each sex, among regular and occasional cooks only, including the three socio-economic indicators (education, income and occupation) simultaneously, adjusted for age, household composition, and whether or not the main cook in the household
# P-value represented the overall significance of each variable included in the model (Type 3 analysis of effects)
A P-value <0.001 was considered as statistically significant

ISSN: 1475-2891