Fig. 2
From: Health outcomes of non-nutritive sweeteners: analysis of the research landscape
Health outcomes by intervention investigated in primary studies. a studies, where authors investigated effects of “artificial sweeteners” (no further details for the intervention/exposure is provided); b authors investigated the combined effects of two or more artificial sweeteners (type of sweeteners is described); c any type of “diet beverage”, where the type of sweetener is not defined; d combined effect of AS and NNCS was investigated or the intervention/exposure was described as “non-nutritive sweeteners” (without further details); e the investigated intervention/exposure is a combination of NNS and other non-sugar sweeteners (e.g. sugar alcohols). * haematological parameters, blood chemistries and hormone levels; **any other health outcome, which couldn’t be classified to any of the above listed categories (e.g. male fertility [289], offspring forearm fractures [290], emotional state [291], analgesia [292] or mortality [293]). Abbreviations: AS, artificial sweeteners; CVD, cardiovascular disease; NNS, non-nutritive sweeteners