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Table 2 Adjusted coefficients of regression parameters for BMI in relation to meat consumption

From: Red meat and chicken consumption and its association with high blood pressure and obesity in South Korean children and adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis of KSHES, 2011–2015

Merged 2011-2015a

(n = 136,739)

Variablesd,e

Body Mass Index, kg/m2

Girlsb

Boysb

β

SEM

P- valuec

R 2

β

SEM

P- valuec

R 2

Adjusted R2

   

0.231

   

0.191

Age (years)

 12 y

0.442

0.06

<0.001

 

−0.665

0.07

<0.001

 

 15 y

1.557

0.08

<0.001

 

−0.847

0.10

<0.001

 

Height (cm)

0.099

0.01

<0.001

 

0.121

0.01

<0.001

 

Areas

 Rural

−0.084

0.05

0.095

 

−0.071

0.04

0.130

 

Blood pressure (mmHg)

0.795

0.01

<0.001

 

0.116

0.01

<0.001

 

 Systolic hypertension

1.878

0.11

<0.001

 

2.599

0.10

<0.001

 

 Diastolic hypertension

0.728

0.11

<0.001

 

1.314

0.11

<0.001

 

Dietary patterns (<3/wk)

 Meat

0.441

0.05

<0.001

 

0.176

0.06

0.004

 

 Milk

−0.296

0.04

<0.001

 

−0.302

0.04

<0.001

 

 Fruits

0.434

0.04

<0.001

 

0.222

0.04

<0.001

 

 Vegetable

−0.100

0.04

0.018

 

−0.208

0.04

<0.001

 

 Breakfast

0.327

0.05

<0.001

 

0.148

0.06

0.021

 

Physical and leisure activities

 Exercise (<3/wk)

−0.329

0.04

<0.001

 

0.056

0.03

0.097

 

 Internet or games (≥2 hr/d)

0.271

0.04

<0.001

 

0.263

0.04

<0.001

 
  1. aCross-sectional data from the Korea School Health Examination Survey (2011–2015, 1761 schools)
  2. bOutcome variables: Body mass index (BMI)
  3. c P-value of Wald’s test; β, coefficient of regression parameters; SEM, standard error of the mean; R 2, coefficient of determination
  4. dAll variables in the left column of the table are explanatory variables, and their associations (including place of residence, 17 cities and provinces in South Korea) with BMI were simultaneously adjusted using multiple linear regression
  5. eReference group: Aged 9 y = 0; Urban areas = 0; Dietary patterns, food intake > 5 servings/wk = 0; Exercise ≥ 5/wk = 0; Internet or games < 2 hr/d = 0