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Table 4 Adjusted prevalence ratios of cardiovascular risk (≥15%) associated with serum 25(OH)D by age, NHANES 2001–2010

From: Standardized serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are inversely associated with cardiometabolic disease in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES, 2001–2010

   

CVD risk (≥15%)

Serum 25(OH)D quartiles

(nmol/L)

Q1 (<43.4)

Q2 (43.4–58.6)

Q3 (58.7–74.2)

Q4 (≥74.3)

Overall

20–59 (y)

Ref

0.78

0.60, 1.02

0.93

0.70, 1.23

0.65*

0.47, 0.92

≥60 (y)

Ref

0.99

0.89, 1.09

0.89*

0.80, 0.99

0.82*

0.73, 0.92

a Mexican Americans

20–59 (y)

Ref

0.70

0.49, 1.01

0.80

0.50, 1.27

0.75

0.44, 1.29

≥60 (y)

Ref

0.93

0.79, 1.10

0.92

0.78, 1.08

0.81

0.63, 1.03

a Non-Hispanic Whites

20–59 (y)

Ref

0.70

0.48, 1.02

0.89

0.62, 1.29

0.61*

0.40, 0.93

≥60 (y)

Ref

1.01

0.88, 1.16

0.90

0.79, 1.04

0.82*

0.74, 0.97

a Non-Hispanic Blacks

20–59 (y)

Ref

1.03

0.75, 1.43

0.97

0.69, 1.37

0.51

0.19, 1.40

≥60 (y)

Ref

0.88

0.75, 1.04

0.86

0.71, 1.04

0.63*

0.45, 0.88

  1. Models are adjusted for age, sex, education, ethnicity, season of blood draw, survey cycle, smoking, BMI, total physical activity
  2. vitamin D supplement use, and lipid and anti-hyperglycemic medications. * P < 0.05
  3. a The ethnicity covariate is excluded in the ethnic-specific models