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Table 1 Characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis

From: Serum selenium level and gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study

Location

Study type

Sample

Methods

GDM criteria

Case group

 

Control group

 

Selenium measurement trimester

Average age

Average BMI

      

Sample size

Selenium

Sample size

Selenium

  

(kg/m2)

Tan, 2001 [16]

China

Case-control

Serum

AFS

N/A

57

66 ± 12

40

78.5 ± 17.7

Second

N/A

N/A

 

Case-control

Serum

AFS

N/A

83

61.5 ± 13.1

50

70.7 ± 15.2

Third

N/A

N/A

Al-Saleh, 2004 [17]

Kuwait

Case-control

Serum

AAS

N/A

15

75.2 ± 3.1

15

102.3 ± 3.1

Third

31

28.57

Bo, 2005 [18]

Italy

Case-control

Serum

AAS

C & C

29

8.8 ± 1.3

123

10.8 ± 1.8

Second

33.5

25.4

Al-Saleh, 2007 [20]

Kuwait

Case-control

Serum

AAS

WHO

10

85.1 ± 5.4

11

89 ± 4.9

Third

32

36.26

Kilinc, 2008 [19]

Turkey

Cross-sectional

Serum

AAS

C & C

30

34.7 ± 8.7

101

50.7 ± 9.8

Second

25

N/A

Molnar, 2008 [22]

Hungary

Case-control

Serum

AAS

WHO

17

51.7 ± 11.62

20

40.5 ± 8.03

Second

31

24.1

Hamdan 2014 [21]

Sudan

Case-control

Serum

AAS

C & C

31

164.4 ± 59.0

31

204 ± 78.83

Third

32

25.8

  1. N/A not available or not reported, AFS atomic fluorescence spectrometric, AAS atomic absorption spectrometry, GDM gestational diabetes mellitus, C&C carpenter and coustan, WHO World Health Organization, BMI body mass index