From: Serum selenium level and gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Study | Location | Study type | Sample | Methods | GDM criteria | Case group | Â | Control group | Â | Selenium measurement trimester | Average age | Average BMI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |  |  |  |  |  | Sample size | Selenium | Sample size | Selenium |  |  | (kg/m2) |
Tan, 2001 [16] | China | Case-control | Serum | AFS | N/A | 57 | 66 ± 12 | 40 | 78.5 ± 17.7 | Second | N/A | N/A |
 | Case-control | Serum | AFS | N/A | 83 | 61.5 ± 13.1 | 50 | 70.7 ± 15.2 | Third | N/A | N/A | |
Al-Saleh, 2004 [17] | Kuwait | Case-control | Serum | AAS | N/A | 15 | 75.2 ± 3.1 | 15 | 102.3 ± 3.1 | Third | 31 | 28.57 |
Bo, 2005 [18] | Italy | Case-control | Serum | AAS | C & C | 29 | 8.8 ± 1.3 | 123 | 10.8 ± 1.8 | Second | 33.5 | 25.4 |
Al-Saleh, 2007 [20] | Kuwait | Case-control | Serum | AAS | WHO | 10 | 85.1 ± 5.4 | 11 | 89 ± 4.9 | Third | 32 | 36.26 |
Kilinc, 2008 [19] | Turkey | Cross-sectional | Serum | AAS | C & C | 30 | 34.7 ± 8.7 | 101 | 50.7 ± 9.8 | Second | 25 | N/A |
Molnar, 2008 [22] | Hungary | Case-control | Serum | AAS | WHO | 17 | 51.7 ± 11.62 | 20 | 40.5 ± 8.03 | Second | 31 | 24.1 |
Hamdan 2014 [21] | Sudan | Case-control | Serum | AAS | C & C | 31 | 164.4 ± 59.0 | 31 | 204 ± 78.83 | Third | 32 | 25.8 |