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Table 1 General characteristics of study population by awareness regarding nutrition labelling in in this study

From: Is nutritional labeling associated with individual health? The effects of labeling-based awareness on dyslipidemia risk in a South Korean population

Awareness regarding nutrition labelling

Checks nutrition facts and makes labeling-dependent purchase decisions

Checks nutrition facts but does not make labeling-dependent purchase decisions/Aware of nutrition facts but does not check them when making food purchase decisions

Unaware of nutrition facts

P-value

Variables

N/Mean

%/SD

N/Mean

%/SD

N/Mean

%/SD

Sex

 Male

645

8.76

3,739

50.78

2,979

40.46

<.0001

 Female

2,527

24.48

4,602

44.58

3,195

30.95

 

Age (years)

 30–39

1,406

34.19

2,402

58.41

304

7.39

<.0001

 40–49

1,014

25.76

2,367

60.14

555

14.10

 

 50–59

524

13.88

2,001

53.02

1,249

33.09

 

 60+

228

3.89

1,571

26.79

4,066

69.33

 

Educational level

 Under high school graduation

1,313

11.25

4,881

41.83

5,476

46.92

<.0001

 Bachelor’s degree

1,635

30.91

3,035

57.37

620

11.72

 

 Master’s degree or above

224

30.81

425

58.46

78

10.73

 

Economic activity

 Unemployed

1,389

20.23

2,706

39.41

2,772

40.37

<.0001

 Employed

1,783

16.48

5,635

52.08

3,402

31.44

 

Household income

 Low

172

5.09

869

25.70

2,340

69.21

<.0001

 Mid-low

715

15.92

2,124

47.29

1,652

36.78

 

 Mid-high

1,085

22.04

2,599

52.79

1,239

25.17

 

 High

1,200

24.53

2,749

56.19

943

19.28

 

BMI

 <23

1,629

20.62

3,814

48.28

2,456

31.09

<.0001

 23–25

687

16.21

1,951

46.04

1,600

37.75

 

 >25

856

15.42

2,576

46.41

2,118

38.16

 

Aerobic exercise habits

 Yes

937

21.97

2,115

49.59

1,213

28.44

<.0001

 No

2,235

16.65

6,226

46.39

4,961

36.96

 

Smoking status

 Non-smoker

2,821

19.73

6,536

45.71

4,943

34.57

<.0001

 Smoker

351

10.36

1,805

53.29

1,231

36.34

 

High risk drinking

 No

2,935

18.39

7,375

46.22

5,646

35.38

<.0001

 Yes

237

13.69

966

55.81

528

30.50

 

Family history for hyperlipidemia

 No

2,915

17.22

7,941

46.91

6,073

35.87

<.0001

 Yes

257

33.91

400

52.77

101

13.32

 

Survey year

 2010

725

18.28

1,721

43.39

1,520

38.33

<.0001

 2011

623

15.73

1,735

43.81

1,602

40.45

 

 2012

621

17.25

1,675

46.54

1,303

36.20

 

 2013

590

18.64

1,671

52.78

905

28.58

 

 2014

613

20.46

1,539

51.37

844

28.17

 

Stress awareness

 Low

2,348

17.35

6,369

47.05

4,820

35.61

<.0001

 High

824

19.86

1,972

47.52

1,354

32.63

 

Subjective health status

 Good

1,187

20.41

2,941

50.56

1,689

29.04

<.0001

 Normal

1,611

18.44

4,239

48.51

2,888

33.05

 

 Bad

374

11.94

1,161

37.07

1,597

50.99

 

Average amount of daily fat intake

46.39

0.77

46.34

0.51

33.16

0.55

<.0001

The frequency of eating out

 Less than four times a week

2,182

18.01

4,972

41.04

4,961

40.95

<.0001

 More than five times a week

990

17.77

3,369

60.46

1,213

21.77

 

Total

3,172

17.93

8,341

47.16

6,174

34.91