Acute effects of coffee consumption on self-reported gastrointestinal symptoms, blood pressure and stress indices in healthy individuals

Table 3 Arterial blood pressure at baseline and after coffee consumption in healthy volunteers in non-stressful conditions (n = 40)

	Cold espresso	Filter coffee	Cold instant coffee	Hot instant coffee	P^{A 1}
Arterial Blood Pressure (mmHg)
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)
Baseline	116.67^a ± 1.54	118.21^a ± 1.95	116.74^a ± 1.95	118.53^a ± 1.64	NS
End	120.03^b ± 1.76	121.17^b ± 1.68	121.34^b ± 1.80	122.62^b ± 1.87	NS
P^{B 2}	0.009	0.008	NS	0.007
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) in Men (n = 20)
Baseline	120.70^a ± 1.81	122.62^a ± 2.65	123.07^a ± 2.00	122.88^a ± 2.07	NS
End	115.95^b ± 2.57	115.20^b ± 1.96	116.65^b ± 2.03	118.81^b ± 2.55	NS
P^B	0.031	0.048	0.046	0.030
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) in Women (n = 20)
Baseline	112.18^a ± 2.08	111.05^a ± 2.09	112.80^a ± 2.89	113.95^a ± 2.16	NS
End	115.95^b ± 2.57	115.20^b ± 1.96	116.65^b ± 2.03	118.81^b ± 2.55	NS
P^B	0.031	0.048	0.046	0.030
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)
Baseline	75.27^a ± 1.12	77.09^a ± 1.35	77.33^a ± 1.34	78.15^a ± 1.47	NS
End	79.54^b ± 1.44	79.05^b ± 1.06	79.63^b ± 1.15	80.19^b ± 1.38	NS
P^B	<0.001	0.049	0.019	NS
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) in Men (n = 20)
Baseline	74.90^a ± 1.42	76.63^a ± 1.72	76.85^a ± 1.48	78.44^a ± 1.38	NS
End	78.42^b ± 1.77	79.83^b ± 1.22	79.18^b ± 1.30	80.86^b ± 1.35	NS
P^B	0.022	0.034	0.017	NS
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) in Women (n = 20)
Baseline	75.33^a ± 1.73	78.03^a ± 2.00	75.67^a ± 1.82	77.23^a ± 2.63	NS
End	80.92^b ± 2.19	79.43^b ± 1.91	78.53^b ± 1.70	80.00^b ± 2.47	NS
P^B	<0.001	NS	0.005	NS

Data are Mean ± SEM
Abbreviations: NS not statistically significant
Mean that have no superscript in common are significantly different from each other. P-values <0.05 were considered as significant
¹P^A describes differences between coffee types at a specific time point
²P^B describes differences between time points for every coffee type

ISSN: 1475-2891